Mapping Flashcards
What shows all of the earth’s surfaces on a plane of flat surface?
Map
Why must the image of the Earth on the map be distorted?
The surface must be distorted to lay flat
How does the size of the area being mapped affect distortion?
The smaller the area the less the distortion
What would the ideal map show?
Shapes, distances, and directions correctly
What are projections that show the curved earth on flat surfaces?
Map projections
How are north and south normally shown on a map?
North is on top and south is on the bottom
How is the location on the Earth shown on the map?
By latitude and longitude
What must all maps show in terms of latitude and longitude?
They must show the same latitude and longitude for a point on the earth’s surface
What are lines that run east to west, but tells you north to south?
Latitude
How is latitude measured?
Parallels
What are imaginary lines that circle the earth east to west parallel to equator?
Parallels
What is the latitude of the equator?
0
What are the latitudes of the north and south poles?
90
How many miles are in one degree of latitude?
70
How many minutes are in a degree?
60
How many miles are in a minute?
1.16
What are lines that run north to south, but tell you east to west?
Longitude
How is longitude measured?
Meridians
What are half circles that run in the north and south direction from the north and south pole?
Meridians
What is declared the starting line for the world longitudinal system?
Prime Meridian
Where is the Prime Meridian found?
Greenwich, England, and Spain
What is the longitude of the Prime Meridian?
0
What is the furthest you can move right and left and explain why?
180 degrees because it is a half circle
What tells how the map compares in size with the piece of earth that it shows?
Scale
What is the distance on the map compared to the distance on earth?
Map scale
List how a map scale can be shown
- Verbally
- Graphically
- Numerically
How can a map scale be shown graphically?
By a line divided into equal parts and marked into units of length
How can a map scale be shown numerically?
Written as a fraction to show what part of a true distance the map distances really are
How do you show land forms of the earth’s surface on a map?
You must show the relief of the earth’s surface
What are the highs and lows of the earth?
Relief
List how relief can be shown
- Shading
- Coloring
- Sketching and land forms
What are lines drawn to connect points at the same level above sea level?
Contour lines
How are topo graphs best shown?
- Shoreling at sea level
- Marked areas every 20 ft
- Continue until they reach the peak of the land area
What is the distance between two consecutive contour lines?
Contour interval
How is the slope of a hill shown on a topo graph?
The closer the lines the steeper the hill, the farther the flatter
How is a cliff shown on a topo graph?
When lines meet, it’s a cliff
How are the tops of hills shown on a topo graph?
Closed circles are the tops of hills
How are valleys and the direction of river flow shown on a topo graph?
As lines near a valley they bend in the direction of teh flow of the river stream
What is the average slope?
Change in elevation/ distance
How is the average slope found?
The distance between two lines and the difference in heights
What shows the ups and downs of a line across a too graph?
Profile
How is a profile made?
When you plot a point on a vertical scale a profile can be drawn
