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Astrology & Geology > Geology > Flashcards

Geology Flashcards

1
Q

What is an instrument used to observe air pressure?

A

Barometer

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2
Q

What is the measure of the amount of energy in air molecules?

A

Temperature

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3
Q

What are the scales used to measure temperature

A

Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin, and Degree

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4
Q

What are lines drawn on a map that show areas of the same temperature?

A

Isotherms

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5
Q

What is it when something changes from a liquid to a gas?

A

Evaporation

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6
Q

What is it when something changes from a gas to a solid on a cooler surface?

A

Condensation

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7
Q

What is the amount of water vapor present in the air?

A

Specific Humidity

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8
Q

What is it when the specific humidity equals the air capacity for holding water vapor?

A

Capacity

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9
Q

What are instruments for measuring relative humidity?

A

Hydrometers

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10
Q

What is high fog, mist, or haze?

A

Dew

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11
Q

What type of clouds are thin feathery or tufted, above 7000 meters, and always made of ice crystals

A

Cirrus clouds

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12
Q

What type of clouds are low sheets or cloud layers found at different altitudes?

A

Stratus clouds

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13
Q

What type of clouds are piled in thick fluffy masses that are formed by vertical rising air currents?

A

Cumulus clouds

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14
Q

What type of clouds are high clouds?

A

Alto clouds

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15
Q

What type of clouds are rain clouds?

A

Nimbus clouds

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16
Q

What type of clouds are thunderclouds?

A

Cumulonimbus clouds

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17
Q

How do raindrops form?

A
  1. Water-cloud process

2. Ice process

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18
Q

List the forms of precipitation

A

Sleet, hail, and snow

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19
Q

What are raindrops that fall through freezing rain that are always small pellets of ice?

A

Sleet

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20
Q

What is formed in thunderstorms where they begin as frozen raindrops. The updraft pushes ice back into the clouds and another layer of ice is added until it is heavy and it falls

A

Hail

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21
Q

What is it when water freezes and forms crystals then falls

A

Snow

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22
Q

Why do baseballs fly farther at higher altitudes?

A

There are less air molecules

23
Q

What are formed where a high pressure system and a low pressure system meet. Warm humid air mixes with cooler drier air and forms clouds and possibly storms.

24
Q

What direction does a low pressure system move?

A

Counterclockwise

25
Q

What direction does a high pressure system move?

26
Q

What kind of weather does a low pressure system produce?

A

Overcast/ rainy

27
Q

What kind of weather does a high pressure system produce?

28
Q

What is the rivers of wind high in the atmosphere formed along the upper air boundaries of large masses of warm and cold air?

A

Jet stream

29
Q

How does the jet stream change during the summer?

A

It moves northward into Canada

30
Q

What happens to the jet stream during a major cold outbreak?

A

It often dives south

31
Q

What is a storm with lightning?

A

Thunderstorm

32
Q

What defines a thunderstorm?

33
Q

What causes a thunderstorm and how does it form?

A

Lightning heats air around it, which causes the air to expand. The air begins to contrast as it cools

34
Q

How can you estimate your distance from lightning?

A

Count the time between seeing lighting and hearing thunder

35
Q

How fast does sound travel

A

One mile every five seconds

36
Q

How far away can you be hit by lightning?

37
Q

What are the two top locations for being struck by lightning?

A
  1. Wide open space

2. Near a tall tree

38
Q

What fuels a hurricane?

39
Q

What is lightning that hits the ground?

A

Cloud to Ground

40
Q

What is lightning that is triggered between positive and negative charges in the cloud?

A

Cloud Cloud

41
Q

What is lightning that spreads across the sky without hitting the ground?

A

Spider lightning

42
Q

How is the earth’s atmosphere heated?

A

Radiation, convection, and condensation

43
Q

How are people struck by lightning?

A
  1. Direct strike
  2. Splash from tree
  3. Through the ground, going up one leg and out the other
44
Q

What happens when lightning strikes the body?

A
  1. Rain/sweat turn into steam, clothes are blown off
  2. Loss of consciousness
  3. Intense muscle contraction
45
Q

If there is no shelter, what is the best thing to do during a storm?

A

Crouch on the ground on the balls of your feet

46
Q

What is winds at different heights, blowing at different speeds and different directions?

A

Wind sheer

47
Q

What is a super cell?

A

Mesocyclone

48
Q

What is it when tornados are possible?

49
Q

What is it when tornados are going to happen?

50
Q

Why is it important to have tornado chasers on the ground during a tornado?

A

To know if the tornado actually touches the ground/ground truth

51
Q

What is the scale for a tornado

A

Fujita Scale

52
Q

What is a violently rotating column of air touching the ground from a thunderstorm?

53
Q

What causes the most damage during tornados?

A

Flying debree

54
Q

Do you see wind, explain

A

No, you can see what is in the wind

Astrology & Geology (10 decks)

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