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astrology & geology > Atmosphere/Weather Review > Flashcards

Atmosphere/Weather Review Flashcards

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Astrology flashcards
1
Q

What is the layer of gas that surrounds the earth?

A

Atmosphere

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2
Q

What are the layers of the atmosphere?

A
  1. Troposphere
  2. Stratosphere
  3. Mesosphere
  4. Thermosphere
  5. Ionosphere
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3
Q

Which layer contains gases essential for life?

A

Troposphere

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4
Q

Which layer does weather occur in?

A

Troposphere

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5
Q

In what layers does the temp decrease as the altitude increases?

A

Troposphere and Mesosphere

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6
Q

In what layers does the temp increase as the altitude increases?

A

Stratosphere and Thermosphere

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7
Q

Which layer includes the ozone?

A

Stratosphere

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8
Q

Which layer do planes fly in?

A

Stratosphere

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9
Q

Which layer is 50-80 km?

A

Mesosphere

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10
Q

Which layer begins to merge with space?

A

Thermosphere

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11
Q

Which layer has air that is highly ionized by UV rays?

A

Ionosphere

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12
Q

What is special about the Ionosphere?

A
  1. It keeps radio waves from completely leaving the atmosphere
  2. It causes Auroras
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13
Q

What gases are found in the atmosphere?

A

Oxygen, Nitrogen, CO2 and Argon

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14
Q

Where are most of the gases found?

A

In the lower atmosphere

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15
Q

Which component of the atmosphere formed from the surface of the earth and pollution?

A

Dust

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16
Q

Which component is always present due to evaporation and is mostly near the surface?

A

Water vapor

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17
Q

Which component blocks UV rays in the higher atmosphere and is considered a pollutant in the lower atmosphere?

A

Ozone

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18
Q

What are ionized particles sent out by the sun?

A

Auroras

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19
Q

What are single oxygen molecules bounded with paired oxygen?

A

Ozone

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20
Q

What does the Ozone do?

A

It blocks 99% of UV radiation

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21
Q

What is causing ozone thinning?

A

The release of CFC’s

22
Q

Where is the hole in the ozone?

A

Antarctica

23
Q

What does dust form in the atmosphere?

A

Rain and fog

24
Q

What is the transformation of water vapor to liquid when it comes in contact with a cooler object?

A

Condensation

25
Q

What is energy in the form of water?

A

Radiation

26
Q

What is the direct transfer of heat from a hot object to a cooler object?

A

Conduction

27
Q

What is the transfer of heat as warm air or liquid rises and cools air or liquid falls?

A

Convection

28
Q

What is the only way heat can enter the earth?

A

Radiation

29
Q

What is the effect that traps heat radiation that radiated from the earth?

A

Greenhouse Effect

30
Q

Why is the greenhouse effect necessary for life?

A

The earth would be frozen without it

31
Q

What is the main cause of the modern greenhouse effect?

A

CO2

32
Q

What are some other causes of the modern greenhouse effect?

A

Burning fossil fuel, deforestation, methane, and CFC

33
Q

What is the relationship between temperature and altitude?

A

As altitude increases, temperature decreases

34
Q

What is an upside down temp, condition where the ground radiates heat and cools faster than air?

A

Temperature Inversion

35
Q

How does temperature inversion form?

A

Cool air stays near the ground and traps smoke, fog, and other pollutants

36
Q

What is smoke and fog mixed together?

A

Smog

37
Q

How does the rotation and the tilt of the earth effect the temp of the earth?

A
  1. The closer you are to the equator the more direct sunlight you are going to get, causing small differences between the warm seasons.
  2. The middle part of the earth gets direct rays half of the year, causing extreme differences in the seasons
38
Q

What is going on during the Winter Solstice?

A

The sun’s rays are below the equator at the tropic of capricorn and are starting to go higher

39
Q

What is going on during the Summer Solstice?

A

The sun’s rays are above the equator at the tropic of cancer and are starting to go lower

40
Q

What is going on during the Spring Equinox?

A

The sun’s rays are at the equator and are rising

41
Q

What is going on at the Autumnal Equinox?

A

The sun’s rays are at the equator and are falling

42
Q

What are the seasons of the earth like in the polar regions?

A

There are few direct rays, so it is cold most all of the year

43
Q

What are the seasons of the earth like near the equator?

A

There is more direct sunlight, so there are only small differences between the warm seasons

44
Q

What are the seasons of the earth like between the polar regions and equatorial regions?

A

There are direct rays for only half of the year, so there are extreme differences in the seasons

45
Q

When are the warmest and coldest times of the day?

A

Warmest - Late afternoon

Coldest - Just before dawn

46
Q

When is the warmest and coldest time of the year?

A

Warmest - July

Coldest - January

47
Q

How is water heated and what affects the heating?

A

Heats up at different levels based on water clarity

48
Q

How is land heated?

A

Only heats on surface, the top 1-2 feet

49
Q

How does heat spread through water and land?

A

Much easier in water because of fluid and convection

50
Q

What is it called when liquid water warms up and converts to water vapor?

A

Evaporation

astrology & geology (10 decks)

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