Many Proteins are Enzymes

Question 1

Enzymes are

Answer 1

biological catalysts

‘Biological’ because they function in living systems

‘Catalysts’ because they speed up the rate of chemical reactions without being used up or changed

Question 2

Enzymes are also ……….. proteins

Answer 2

globular

Question 3

Globular proteins characteristics

Answer 3

Globular proteins are round structures. Like their name, globular proteins have a round, spherical formation.

This is because the hydrophobic parts of the protein fold inwards while the hydrophilic parts become arranged around the external surface.

Globular proteins are water soluble.

Question 4

Critical to the enzyme’s function is the active site where the ………

Answer 4

substrate binds

Question 5

Metabolic pathways are controlled by enzymes in a cascade of reactions

Answer 5

biochemical cascade of reactions

Metabolic pathways can be described as a series of chemical reactions that start with a substrate and finish with an end product.

Question 6

Enzymes can be intracellular or extracellular referring to whether they are

Answer 6

active inside or outside the cell respectively

Question 7

Intracellular enzymes are produced and function

Answer 7

inside the cell

Question 8

Extracellular enzymes are

Answer 8

secreted by cells and catalyse reactions outside cells (eg. digestive enzymes in the gut)

Question 9

Exam Tip
Don’t forget that enzymes are proteins and so anything that could denature a protein, rendering it non-operational (extremes of ………..etc.) would also denature an enzyme.

Answer 9

extremes of heat, temperature, pH etc.