Hydrolysis of ATP Flashcards

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1
Q

Energy released during the reactions of respiration is transferred to the molecule

A

adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

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2
Q

ATP is a small and soluble molecule that provides

A

a short-term store of chemical energy that cells can use to do work
It is vital in linking energy-requiring and energy-yielding reactions

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3
Q

ATP is described as a universal energy currency
universal :

currency

A

Universal: It is used in all organisms

Currency: Like money, it can be used for different purposes (reactions) and is reused countless times

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4
Q

The use of ATP as an ‘energy-currency’ is beneficial for many reasons:

A

The hydrolysis of ATP can be carried out quickly and easily wherever energy is required within the cell by the action of just one enzyme, ATPhydrolase

A useful (not too small, not too large) quantity of energy is released from the hydrolysis of one ATP molecule - this is beneficial as it reduces waste but also gives the cell control over what processes occurmajes sure cells dont overheat

ATP is relatively stable at cellular pH levels

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5
Q

Hydrolysis of ATP to

A

adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and an inorganic phosphate group (Pi)

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6
Q

What is ATP hydrolysis reaction catalysed by

A

the enzyme ATP hydrolase sometimes called ‘ATPase’

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7
Q

The hydrolysis of ATP can be coupled to energy-requiring reactions within cells such as:

A

The active transport of ions up a concentration gradient

Enzyme controlled reactions that require energy

Muscle contraction and muscle fibre movement

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8
Q

As ADP forms ….. energy is released that can be used for processes within a cell eg. DNA ///////////

A

Free

synthesis

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9
Q

Removal of one phosphate group from ATP releases 30.8 kJ mol -1 of energy, forming ADP

Removal of a second phosphate group from ADP also releases 30.8 kJ mol-1 of energy, forming AMP

Removal of the third and final phosphate group from AMP releases 14.2 kJ mol-1 of energy, forming adenosine

A
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10
Q

The inorganic phosphate released during the hydrolysis of….. can be used to …………….. other compounds, often making them more ………..

A

ATP

phosphorylate

reactive

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11
Q
A
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