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Anatomy Lower Limb > Manual 62- 68: Muscles of Thigh > Flashcards

Manual 62- 68: Muscles of Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

the subcutaneous fascia of thigh is continuous with …

A

subcutaneous fascia of entire anterior abdominal wall, gluteal region, leg

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2
Q

the subcutaneous fascia is divided into what two layers

A
  • superficial (fatty)
  • deep (membranosus)
  • superficial vessels and nerves,inguinal lymph nodes, great saphenous v found between layers
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3
Q

fascia distal to inguinal ligament along upper medial area of the ghigh

A

fascia lata

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4
Q

what fills the saphenous opening/fossa ovalis

A

fascia cribosa

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5
Q

external layer of investing fascia of thigh

A

fascia lata

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6
Q

the fascia lata is ____ medially and ____ laterally

A
  • thin

- thick

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7
Q

attachments of fascia lata

A
  • ischial tuberosity
  • ischiopubic ramus
  • external perineal fascia
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8
Q

the fascia lata is continuous with what distally? proximally?

A 
distal = investing fascia of leg
proximally = thoracolumbar, external abdominal fascia
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9
Q

where does the anterior part of fascia lata attach?

A
  • pubic tubercle
  • anterior superior iliac spine
  • inguinal ligament
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10
Q

what is the thickened opening in fascia lata called

A

saphenous opening/ fossa ovalis

- allows for passage of great saphenous v

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11
Q

free lateral margin of saphenous opening

A

falciform margin

- the lateral part is very thick and buttressed by glut max and tensor fasciae latae tendons

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12
Q

superior attachment of fascia lata

A
  • crest of ilium

- dorsal sacrum

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13
Q

thickened tendon within fascia lata on lateral thigh

A

iliotibial band

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14
Q

found between 2 layers of fascia lata laterally

A

tensor fasciae latae

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15
Q

what divides the thigh into 3 myofascial compartments

A

lateral and medial intermuscular septa

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16
Q

longest m in body

A

sartorius

- descends lateral toomedial across thigh

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17
Q

what forms the roof of adductor canal and lateral border of femoral triangle

A

sartorius

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18
Q

origin of sartorius

A
  • ASIS and inferior notch (below spine)
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19
Q

insertion of sartorius

A
  • pes anserinus (proximal part of medial surface of body of tibia)
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20
Q

course of sartorius

A

obliquely lateral to medial across upper thigh, then descend nearly vertically to its insetion

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21
Q

n supply to sartorius

A

femoral n.

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22
Q

functions of sartorius

A
  • flex hip
  • abduct hip
  • lateral rotation of hip
  • flex knee
  • medial rotation leg (from flexed position)

“sitting crossed-legged”

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23
Q

common insertion of quadriceps femoris

A

tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

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24
Q

primary function quadriceps femoris

A

extension of knee

* rectus femoris also assists in hip flexion

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25
n supply to quadriceps femoris
femoral n
26
origin of rectus femoris
- two tendons: straight and reflected - straight/anterior: AIIS - refleced/posterior: groove above acetabulum - tendons merge and form broad aponeurosis on ventral surface of m - fibers of m arise from the aponeurosis
27
insertion of rectus femoris
- base (superior) of patella - through thick aponeurotic tendon to patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
28
largest of four quadriceps muscles
vastus lateralis
29
origin of vastus lateralis
- lateral lip linea aspera - lateral lip gluteal tuberosity - anterior and ifnerior borders of greater trochanter - proximal intertrochanteric line
30
insertion of vastus lateralis
- lateral border of patella | - tendon of quadriceps femoris
31
origin of vastus medialis
- distal intertrochanteric line - medial intermuscular septum - tendons of adductor longus and magnus - proximal medial supracondylar line - medial lip of linea aspera
32
insertion of vastus medialis
- medial border of patella | - tendon of quadriceps femoris
33
origin of vastus intermedius
- proximal 2/3 anterior surface of femur | - proximal 2/3 lateral surface of femur
34
insertion of vastus intermedius
- quadriceps tendon
35
small m located deep to vastus intermedius
articularis genu
36
origin of articularis genu
anterior surface, distal femur
37
insertion of articularis genu
synovial membrane of knee joint
38
n supply to articularis genu
femoral n
39
function of articularis genu
draw synovium proximally
40
variations in anterior thigh muscles
- sartorius m : may be absent or split into two parts; may have accessory sites of origin on inguinal ligament, notch of ilium, iliopectineal line or pubis - articularis genu: may be blended with vastus intermedius
41
what are the muscles of the medial compartment of thigh
- gracilis - pectineus - adductor magnus - adductor longus - adductor brevis
42
origin of gracilis
- pubic symphysis - inferior 1/2 - pubic body - pubic arch (inferior pubic ramus) - superior 1/2
43
insertion of gracilis
pes anserinus (proximal, medial surface tibia)
44
n supply to gracilis
anterior division of obturator n
45
functions of gracilis
- flex knee - adduct hip - medial rotation of hip
46
origin of pectineus
- pectin pubis | - bone anterior to pectin pubis (b/w pubic tubercle and iliopectineal eminence)
47
insertion of pectineus
pectineal line (b/w lesser trochanter and linea aspera)
48
n supply to pectineus
femoral n and accessory obturator if present | obturator n may also provide a branch
49
functions of pectineus
- flex hip - adduction hip - medial rotation hip
50
most anterior adductor m
adductor longus
51
origin adductor longus
pubic body (anterior)
52
insertion adductor longus
medial lip of linea aspera (b/w attachments of vastus medialis and adductor magnus)
53
functions adductor longus
flex hip | adduction hip
54
n supply adductor longus
anterior branch of obturator n
55
m just posterior to adductor longus
adductor brevis
56
what n surrounds the adductor brevis
anterior and posterior divisions of the obturator
57
origin of adductor brevis
- pubic body | - inferior pubic ramus (b/w gracilis and obturator externus)
58
insertion of adductor brevis
linea aspera (proximal part)
59
n supply to adductor brevis
obturator n. (anterior division)
60
function of adductor brevis
flex hip | adduction hip
61
largest of adductors
adductor magnus
62
located deep to the adductor brevis
adductor magnus
63
describe the orientation of fibers in adductor magnus
- upper fibers are nearly horizontal | - lower fibers are nearly vertical
64
what are the 5 openings in the adductor magnus for?
- 4 for the passage of perforating branches of deep femoral a - adductor hiatus - most distal, largest opening
65
what passes through the adductor hiatus?
femoral vessels to popliteal fossa
66
adductor hiatus aka
hiatus tendineus
67
origin of adductor magnus
- inferior pubic ramus - ramus of ischium - ischial tuberosity (triangular region)
68
insertion of adductor magnus
- gluteal tuberosity - linea aspera - medial supracondylar line - adductor tubercle of femur
69
n supply to adductor magnus
- posterior division: obturator n | - anterior division: sciatic n
70
functions of adductor magnus
- flex hip - adduct hip - extend hip (all are possible because of orientation of fibers- some say rotation of hip also possible)
71
variations in medial compartment of thigh
- pectineus may have two strata. if it does the dorsal stratum is innervated by femoral n or accessory obturator n and the ventral stratum is innervated by obturator n - doubled adductor longus m may be fused with pectineus or insertion descend as far as knee - adductor longus - 2 or 3 parts fused with adductor magnus - adductor magnus - fused with quadratus femoris or with other adductor muscles
72
what are the muscles of the posterior compartment of thigh
- hamstrings (biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimenranosus)
73
lateral hamstring muscle
biceps femoris
74
medial hamstring muscles
semitendinosus and semimembranosus
75
origin biceps femoris
long head: posterior part of ischial tuberosity below the oblique line and common tendon with semitendinosus and sacrotuberous ligament short head: lateral lip of linea aspera (b/w adductor magnus and vastus lateralis m) and lateral supracondyalr line of femur and lateral intermuscular septum
76
insertion of biceps femoris long head
- lateral side of styloid process (fibula) - head of fibula - lateral condyle of tibia
77
describe the course of the long head of biceps femoris
passes obliquely/laterally across sciatic n
78
the tendon of long head of biceps femoris surrounds what ligament
fibular collateral ligament
79
what n follows the medial border of long head of biceps femoris
common fibular n
80
insertion of short head of biceps femoris
overlying aponeurosis
81
n supply to long head of biceps femoris
tibial portion of sciatic n
82
n supply to short head of biceps femoris
common fibular portion of sciatic n
83
functions of biceps femoris
- flex knee - rotation, laterally (from flexed position) - longhead: extension at hip, rotation, laterally at hip
84
origin of semitendinosus
- posterior ischial tuberosity below oblique line with substantial aponeurosis connecting it two biceps femoris (about 8 cm from origin)
85
insertion of semitendinosus
- long tendon (begins mid thigh): lies medial border of popiteal fossa, curves around medial condyle of tibia, over tibial collateral ligament - pes anserinus
86
n supply to semitendinosus
tibial portion of sciatic n
87
functions of semitendinosus
- flex knee - medial rotation of knee (from full flexion) - extend hip
88
origin of semimebranosus
- oblique line of ischial tuberosity (above semitendinosus and biceps femoris) - aponeurotic expansion
89
insertion of semimembranosus
- medial condyle (tibia) - groove medial surface - lateral condyle (femur) - posterior surface - fascia - covering popiteal m - fibers proceed suprolaterlaly and form oblique popliteal ligament
90
n supply to semimembranosus
tibial portion of sciatic n
91
functions of semimembranosus
- flex knee - medial rotation of knee (from full flexion) - extend hip
92
variations in muscles of posterior compartment of thigh
- short head of biceps femoris (absent or accessory heads (arising form ischial tuberosity, linea aspera, or medial supracondylar ridge of femur) - biceps femoris - extension may attach to gastrocnemius m - semimembranosus - absent or double

Anatomy Lower Limb (37 decks)

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