Lecture: Leg I/II - Dunn

Question 1

pes anserinus

Answer 1

sartorius
gracilis
semitendinosus

Question 2

what demarcates the origins of tibialis posterior and flexor digitorum longus?

Answer 2

vertical line on posterior surface of tibia

Question 3

fibula articualtion with tibia proximally

Answer 3

fibular facet

Question 4

fibula articulation with tibia distally

Answer 4

fibular notch

Question 5

what m. takes origin from lateral surface of tibia?

Answer 5

tibialis anterior

Question 6

two m. on lateral surface of fibula

Answer 6

peroneus longus

peroneus brevis

Question 7

three muscles on anterior surface of fibula

Answer 7

extensor digitorum longus
extensor hallucis longus
peroneus terti

Question 8

actions of muscles of anterior compartment

Answer 8

tibialis anterior and extensor hallucis longus: dorsiflexion, inversion, supination

extensor digitorum longus and peroneus tertius: dorsiflexion, eversion and pronation

Question 9

accessory tendon pulls on capsule to keep it from trapping in 1st MPJ joint

Answer 9

extensor hallucis capsularis

Question 10

medial tibial stress syndrome

Answer 10

“shin splints”

• m. micortrauma t otibialis anterior leads to small tears in periosteum underlying the m. - swelling can lead to minor compartment syndrome

Question 11

anterior compartment neurovasculature

Answer 11

anterior tibial a.

deep peroneal n.

Question 12

lateral compartment m. actions

Answer 12

eversion, pronation, plantarflexion

Question 13

blood supply lateral compartment

Answer 13

peroneal a. (lies in posterior compartment)

Question 14

actions superficial m. of posterior compartment

Answer 14

plantarflecion of talocrural joint

gastrocnemius and plantaris: flexion of knee

Question 15

actions of deep m. of posterior compartment

Answer 15

plantarflexion, inversion, supination

popliteus: knee flexion, medial rotation of leg

Question 16

posterior shin splints

Answer 16

microtrauma to tibialis posterior and underlying periosteum

Question 17

calcaneal tendon rupture

Answer 17

• typically occurs in individuals with chronic calcaneal tendinitis
• 1-5 cm proximal to calcaneal tuberosity

Question 18

neurovascualture posterior compartment

Answer 18

tibail n.

posterior tibial a and peroneal a.

Question 19

sural n. =

Answer 19

medial sural cutaneuous n. (tibail n) + communicating branch of lateral sural cutaneous n. (common peroneal n.)

Question 20

the sural n. continues in the foot as …

Answer 20

lateral dorsal cutaneous n.

Question 21

n. roots for tibial n.

Answer 21

L4-S3

Question 22

n. roots for comm. peroneal n.

Answer 22

L4-S2

Question 23

muscles innervated by tibial n.

Answer 23

popliteus
gastrocnemius
soleus
plantaris 
flexor digitorum longus
flexor hallucis longus
tibialis posterior

Question 24

muscles innervated by comm. peroneal n.

Answer 24

superficial peroneal n = peroneus longus and brevis

deep peroneal n. = tibailis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, peroneus tertius

Question 25

most commonly injured n. in the lower limb

Answer 25

common peroneal n.

• vulnerable with fracture of fibular neck and knee dislocation
• results in unopposed plantarflexion and inversion = foot drop

Question 26

inguinal ligament dermatome

Answer 26

L1

Question 27

big toe and medial foot dermatome

Answer 27

L5

Question 28

the saphenous n. is a branch of the ..

Answer 28

femoral n.

Question 29

the great saphenous v. drains into…

Answer 29

femoral v.

Question 30

the small saphenous v. drains into …

Answer 30

popliteal v.

Question 31

compartment syndrome

Answer 31

• trauma to structures within compartments may result in hemorrhage, edema, or inflammation
• strength of crural fascia precludes outward swelling of tissues
• potential compression of neurovasculature leading to ischemia, necrosis or atrophy of affected tissues
• treatment includes fasciotomy of affected compartment