Manipulating the Genome Flashcards
1
Q
What are 2 tools used to cut out a gene from one organism and insert it into another?
A
- plasmid and rectristion enzyeme
2
Q
restrcition enezyme
A
- chemical scissors that cut DNA at a specific site
- cuts and finds complementary bases
3
Q
sticky ends
A
- short set of exposed compentary bases
- occurs at the end of cut DNA
- same restriction enzyme will create same sticy end
4
Q
recombaintment DNA
A
- a fragment of DNA made by combining nucleotide sequences
- these sequences are normally not present together in nature
5
Q
how does recombinant DNA work
A
- if exposed to same restriction enzyme they will have same sticky end
- pieces fo DNA from organism can be joined through sticky end
- technqiue used to tranfer a gene of interest from 1 organism to another
6
Q
gene transplant from fish to bacteria
A
- a gene from fish is chosen and removed, the gene is cut of the chromosome using restriction enzyme
- same restriction enzyme must cut plasmid
- dna of cod is inserted into cut of plasmid
- dna is joined by other enzyme
- dna enters bacteria cell culture
- bacteria eneter plant enviorment and gene eneters plant gnemome
- a new plant is repdcoued with gene
7
Q
genetic enginerring
A
- spider silk and BT corn
- uses combiant and restrcition enzymes
8
Q
spider silk
A
- scientists was to make artificial fibers like spider silk (strong)
- 5x strong than steel, waterproof, stretchable
- study structure of spider silk to reproduce biomaterials
9
Q
spider silk and recombiant DNA
A
- gene of spider silk in spider cells are isolated and inserted into goat genome
- will create goat that produce spider silk protein in milk
- purified to create parachute, space, tennis rackets, airbags
10
Q
how does recombiant dna impact food
A
- less suspectable to rotting
- enhances nurtional value
- makes crops resistent to preseides and hericidies
11
Q
bacillus thurigines (BT)
A
- a bacteria in soil is a natural pesiside (crystal protein)
- letal to insects and larve (harmless to humans)
12
Q
how does BT corn work
A
- using remcibant DNA, genes for crystal proteins are inserted into corn
- able to produce its own pesticide against pesticide
- genetically modified food
13
Q
BT pros
A
- reduces # of pesticides
- less runoff of residues in water
- cost of produces decreases
14
Q
BT cons
A
- protein may cause allergic reaction
- genetic diversity of corn will decrease
- it could get cut into wildlife plants
15
Q
recombinant DNA benefits
A
- create organisms that have desirbale features
