Asexual Reproduction

Question 1

Asexual Reproduction

Answer 1

• form of division where where a single offsrping is produced from single parent
• occurs via cell division or mitosis
• both genetically idnetical

Question 2

budding

Answer 2

• outgrowth of organism
• hydra
• when conditions are favourable, extention of organism growa
• when large enough the outgrowths will fall and become idneitcall

Question 3

fragmentation

Answer 3

• peice or body fragment of organism that dveolps into mature orgaism
• fungi
• produce spores which break off and devolp into new mushroom

Question 4

Mitosis

Answer 4

PMAT
cytokinesis is not apart of it
to divide genetic material

Question 5

Interphase

Answer 5

• growth phase
• 90% of cell life is spent here
• G1, systheis, G2

Question 6

G1 phase

Answer 6

• Cell grows to nearly twice in size
• preparres for division
• does regular cell activty
• has a checkpoint right after mitosis

Question 7

Systheis

Answer 7

• Nucleus makes a copy of its DNA
• single-stranded to double stranded

Question 8

G2 phase

Answer 8

• happens near mitosis
• anothe rgrowth phase
• Organelles are also replicated
• has a checkpint right after S (DNA replication)

Question 9

Division stages/ mitosis

Answer 9

• mitsosi and cytokinsis make up 10% of cell stage
  1. Mitosis: Division of the Nucleus
  2. Cytokinesis: Division of the Cytoplasm

Question 10

prophase

Answer 10

1. Chromatin (DNA) condenses into chromosomes
2. Centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell
3. Nuclear membrane dissolves
4. Spindle fibers form from the centrioles

Question 11

Vocab

Answer 11

Chromtin: messy DNA
centrioles: keeps cell organized (make sure stuff is not in teh way) facilliated by spindle fibers
centrometere: middle of the chromosome
chromsome- made up of 2 chromaoids
chromoaid- strands of chromosome

Question 12

metapahse

Answer 12

• Spindle fibers attach to centromeres
• Chromosomes align along the equatorial plate (middle of cell)
• has a checkpoint (cell checks chromosome and makes sure cell is ready to divide)

Question 13

aptosis

Answer 13

when celld ies due to cell not having or damages chromosomes

Question 14

anaphase

Answer 14

• Spindle fibers shorten
• Centromere splits and pulls chromatids to opolesthe cell

Question 15

telophase

Answer 15

• Chromosomes relax into chromatin
• Nuclear membrane reappears
• Two new nuclei are formed
• Spindle fibers disappear

Question 16

Cytokinesis

Answer 16

• cytoplams divides
• anaimsl cells: prinching of the cell= cleavage furrow forms
• plant cell: cell wall= cell plates are formed

Question 17

cloning

Answer 17

• a sheep was the firts mammal cloned
  1. donor cell was taken form sheeps uter
  2. an egg was taken form female sheep
  3. they rmeoved egg nuclues are fused the 2 using electric shock
  4. the fused cell began dividing to create mebryo
  5. the embryo was placed in another female sheep
  6. the embryo forms a baby identically simular to first

Question 18

cloning cons

Answer 18

cons:
- takes lots of trys
- clones do not live a long life and suffer form health complications
- premature aging
- result in genetically vunerable species
Many people feel it is unnatural or unethical

Question 19

cloning pros

Answer 19

• mass prodcution of high quality crops (Selective cloning)
• used to repdouce engargered species (without captive breeding)