Manipulating Genomes Flashcards

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1
Q

why do we use buffer solution in gel electrophoresis

A

as solution carries charge

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2
Q

why is protease added

A

used to breakdown proteins associated with dna

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3
Q

what does pcr do

A

it amplifies dna
at different range of lengths

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4
Q

electrophoresis

A

puts dna pieces in size order
to read base sequence

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5
Q

why might maximum rate if pcr not occur

A

temperature damage to DNA strand
separated strands rejoin rather than binding to primers
lack of primers
primers fail to anneal

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6
Q

why does dna sequencing allow for sequence of polypeptide to be predicted

A

as the order of bases codes for the order of amino acids and each triplet codes for one amino acid

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7
Q

bioinformatics

A

allows access to large amounts of data on dna and proteins so can be used to identify sources of outbreaks and vulnerable populations

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8
Q

how can we obtain genes

A

via chemical synthesis and polynucleotdie sequencing

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9
Q

why are genomes fragmented before sequecing

A

as the genome is very large and improves accuracy

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10
Q

somatic gene therapy

A

Somatic cell gene therapy uses body cells and its effects are short lived and cannot be passed on to offspring. Somatic cell gene therapy alleviates genetic disease in one individual and requires repeat treatments to be effective
gene is introduced in body

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11
Q

germ line therapy

A

uses gametes and produces and embryo banned for ethical reasons
gene is introduced in sperm

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12
Q

why does restriction enzymes digest dna

A

to cut genome dna into smaller pieces and to cut vectors

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