Cell Structure

Question 1

What do lysosomes do?

Answer 1

They contain hydrolyzing enzymes which digest cells.

Question 2

What is the cytoskeleton?

Answer 2

The cytoskeleton provides support to the whole cell and maintains its shape. It changes the shape of the cell(cytokineses), moves organelles and makes cilia

Question 3

What is a mitochondria

Answer 3

Is where aerobic respiration takes place producing ATP. Inner membrane folded to form cristae with matrix in the inside which contains all enzymes needed to respire

Question 4

Extracellular protein?

Answer 4

Enzyme

Question 5

how do vesicles move from one organelle to another

Answer 5

cytoskeleton provides tracks vesicles move along microfilaments

Question 6

protein secretion

Answer 6

1)Mrna copy of gene for insulin made in nucleus
2)mrna leaves the nucleus through the nuclear pore
3)mrna attaches to a ribosome which reads the instruction
4)insulin molecules pinched off in vesicles and travel towards the golgi body
5)vesicle fuses with golgi apparatus
6)golgi apparatus processes and packages insulin molecules ready for release
7)packed insulin molecules are pinched off in vesicles from golgi apparatus and move towards plasma membrane
8)vesicle fuses with plasma membrane
9)plasma membrane opens to release insulin molecules outside

Question 7

cilia

Answer 7

contains microtubules in a 9+2 formation

Question 8

centrioles

Answer 8

control the separation of chromosomes -also contain microtubules

Question 9

prokaryotes vs eukaryotes

Answer 9

eukaryotes
dna as chromosones
diameter of 20-40 micrometres
ribosomes 22 nm
no cell wall

prokayrotes
no nucleus genetic material is naked DNA
average diameter of 0.5-5 micrometers
riobosomes around 18 nm
cellulose cell wall

Question 10

differential staining

Answer 10

uses multiple stains which are taken up by different tissues