Mania/manic episode Flashcards
1
Q
ESSENCE
A
Distinct period of abnormality and persistently elevated or irritable mood with 3 or more characteristic symptoms of mania
2
Q
DIAGNOSTIC CRTIERIA
A
- Elevated mood plus 3 or more characteristic symptoms for at least 1 week, or less if hospital admission required
3
Q
CLINICAL FEATURES
A
- Elevated mood
- Increased energy
- Increased self-esteem
- Reduced attention/increased distractibility
- Tendency to engage in behaviour that could have consequences
- Excitement, irritability, aggresiveness, suspiciousness
- Marked disruption of work, usual social activities and family life
- Psychotic symptoms if severe
4
Q
CLINICAL FEATURES
How increased energy may manifest
A
- Over activity
- Pressured speech (flight of ideas)
- Racing thoughts
- Reduced need for sleep
5
Q
CLINICAL FEATURES
Examples of behaviour that could have serious consequences
A
- Preoccupation with extravagant, impracticable schemes
- Spending recklessly
- Inappropriate sexual encounters
6
Q
CLINICAL FEATURES
Psychotic symptoms
A
- Usually mood congruent but can be incongruent
- Gradndiose ideas
- Suspiciousness can develop into persecutory delusions
- Pressured speech develop into clear associations being lost and speech incomprehensible
- Irritability and aggresion can lead to violence
- Preoccupation with thoughts and schemes can lead to self-neglect
- Catatonic behaviour (also called manic stupor)
- Total loss of insight
7
Q
DIFFERENTIALS
A
- Schizophrenia, shizoaffective disorder
- Anxiety disorders/PTSD
- Circadian rhythm disorders
- ADHD/conduct disorders
- Alcholol or drug misuse
- Physical illness
- Other antideppresant treatment or drug related
8
Q
DIFFERENTIALS
Physical illness
A
- Hyper/hypothyroidism
- Cushings syndrome
- SLE
- MS
- Head injury
- Brain tumour
- Epilepsy
- HIV
- Neurosyphillis
- Fahrs disease
9
Q
MANAGEMENT
A
- Exclude other causes and investigate
- Address psychosocial stressors
- Pharmacological management of mania
