management of coastlines Flashcards
what is hard engineering?
protecting the coast by directly altering the physical processes/systems
what is a groyne?
hard engineering- barrier built out into sea
✅ preventing movement of beach material along the coast
❌- unattractive and costly
what is a sea wall?
built on edge of coastlines usually out of concrete or steel
✅barrier to protect cliffs,lands, buildings from erosion
❌powerful waves erode wall over time, expensive
what is rock armour?
large boulders placed at foot of cliff
✅absorb wave energy & reduce erosion/ cheaper
❌expensive to transport & implement
what is soft engineering?
natural techniques that work with the physical systems and processes to protect coats
what is beach nourishment?
widening of the beach by adding sand and shingle
✅ increases distance wave has to travel reducing erosion/ blends in with existing beach
❌sediment has to be sourced and transported/ frequent maintenance
what is dune stabilisation?
creating and restoring sand dunes
✅dunes create barriers & absorb wave energy/provides flood protection
what is cliff regrading & drainage?
inserting pipes within a cliff to remove excess water
❌still open to wave erosion
✅prevents mass movement and clay build up
what are ICZM strategies?
techniques that provide sustainable management
what does ICZM do?
takes into regard all aspects of the coast in an attempt to achieve sustainability, creating winners and losers
what is the cost benefit analysis?
political judgement that determines whether a management scheme is work the money
what is an environmental impact assessment?
procedure used to determine whether a prop roses project is likely to have significant effect on the environment
