MANAGEMENT OF CHILDHOOD ILLNESSES & NUTRITION PROGRAM

Question 1

The top cause of death among newborns

Answer 1

1st: Pneumonia
2nd: Bacterial Sepsis

Question 2

The top cause of death among children 0-4 years of age:

Answer 2

1st: Pneumonia
2nd: Accidents

Question 3

Established
as an approach to strengthen the provision of comprehensive and essential health package to the children.

Answer 3

The Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI)

Question 4

Methods in Managing Childhood Illnesses

Answer 4

Assess the patient: Taking history;
asking and observing pt.
Classify the disease: 1: Mild; 2:
Moderate; 3:Severe
Treat the patient: Varies on
condition
Counsel the patient: Health
Education

Question 5

To effectively manage childhood illnesses a color-coded system has been utilized which represents:

Answer 5

Green: Mild: Home care
Yellow: Moderate: at the RHU
Pink: Severe: Urgent referral in Hospital

Color presentation:
Classification of DSE:
Level of Management

Question 6

Danger Signs

Answer 6

-Convulsion
-Abnormality sleepy or Difficult to awaken
-Unable to drink/ Breastfeed
-Vomit everything

Question 7

Main Symptoms

Answer 7

-Cough/ Difficulty breathing
-Diarrhea
-Fever
-Ear problems

Question 8

The common nutritional deficiences are:

Answer 8

Vitamin A
Iron
Iodine

Question 9

The goal of the nutrition program

Answer 9

Improve quality of life of Filipinos through better nutrition, improved health and increased productivity.

Question 10

Objectives of nutrition Program

Answer 10

-Reduction in the proportion of Filipino households with intake below 100% of the dietary energy requirement from 53.2% to 44.0%.
- Reduction in:
*underweight & stunting among preschool children
*chronic energy deficiency among pregnant women
*IDA among children 6 mons- 5 y.o. , pregnant and lactating mothers
* prevalence of overweight, obesity and non-communicable diseases
*elimination of moderate and severe IDD among school children and pregnant women
*reduction in the prevalence of low birth weight

Question 11

Strategies for nutrition program:

Answer 11

1. Food based interventions for sustained improvements in nutritional status
2. Life-cycle approach with strategic attention to 0-3 years old children, adolescent
   females and pregnant /lactating women.
3. Effective complementation of nutrition interventions with other services
4. Geographical focus to needier areas

Question 12

-one of the interventions to address the health and nutritional needs of infants and children and improve their growth
and survival
-twice-a-year distribution of Vitamin A capsules through
the “Araw ng Sangkap Pinoy” (ASAP) aka Garantisadong Pambata
(GP), or Child Health Week, the approach adopted to provide micronutrient supplements to 6-71 months old preschoolers on a nationwide scale.
- The iron and Vitamin A supplementation

Answer 12

Micronutrient Supplementation

Question 13

• addition of essential nutrients to a widely consumed food product at levels above its natural state is a cost effective and sustainable intervention to address micronutrient deficiencies.
• mandatory fortification of staples
  namely : flour with iron, vit. A, Cooking oil, refined sugar with vitamin A and rice with Iron.
• voluntary fortification of processed foods through the “Sangkap Pinoy Seal.

Answer 13

Food Fortification

Question 14

The Food Fortification Act of 2000 provides for the mandatory fortification of staples namely :

Answer 14

-Flour with iron
-Vitamin A
-Cooking oil
-Refined sugar with Vit A
-Rice with iron

Question 15

Delivery of essential maternal and child health and nutrition package of services are as follows:
-Breast feeding
-Complementary feeding
-Micro nutrient supplementation

Answer 15

Essential Maternal and Child Health Service Package.

Question 16

these includes the promotion fo nutritional guidelines for Filipinos and other nutrition key
messages and training of health workers.

Answer 16

Nutrition information, communication and education

Question 17

establishment of kitchens, gardens in homes, schools and in
communities in urban and rural areas to serve as source of additional food for the home and establishment of demonstration centers and nurseries and
distribution of planting materials.

Answer 17

Home, Schoool and Community Food Production

Question 18

Done in school through the efforts of local units.
Food discounts were provided through

Answer 18

Rice distribution
Tindahan Natin Program

Question 19

done by provision of credit and livelihood opportunities
to poor households especially those with malnourished children through linkage with lending and financial institutions. Functional literacy training helps
in this endeavor.

Answer 19

Livelihood Assistance

Question 20

Nutrition Programs and Projects:

Answer 20

-Micronutrient Supplementation
-Food Fortification
- Essential Maternal and Child Health Service Package.
-Nutrition information, communication and education
- Home, Schoool and Community Food Production
- Food Assistance includes center based complementary feeding for wasted/ stunted children and pregnant women with delivering low birthweight.
-Livelihood Assistance

Question 21

Infants 6-11 months

Answer 21

Preparations:
100,000 IU

Dose/Duration:
1 dose only

Remarks:
One capsule is given anytime during 6-11 months. but usually given at 9 months during measles immunization

Question 22

Children 21-71 months

Answer 22

Preparations:
200,000 IU

Dose/Duration:
1 capsule every 6 months

Question 23

Supplementation to high risk children.

Measles (Infants ) 6-11 months

Answer 23

100,000 IU

Question 24

Supplementation to high risk children.

Measles (Pre-School) 12-71 months

Answer 24

200,000 IU

Question 25

Supplementation to high risk children.

Severe pneumonia persistent diarrhea malnutrition:
Infants (6-11 months)

Answer 25

100,000 IU

One capsule given upon diagnosis, except when the child was given VAC less than 4 weeks before diagnosis

Question 26

Supplementation to high risk children.

Severe pneumonia persistent diarrhea malnutrition:
(12-71 months)

Answer 26

200,000 IU

One capsule given upon diagnosis, except when the child was given VAC less than 4 weeks before diagnosis

Question 27

Supplementation to high risk children.

Malnutrition (6-12 yrs old)

Answer 27

200,000 IU

One capsule given upon diagnosis, except when the child was given VAC less than 4 weeks before diagnosis

Question 28

Supplementation for
pregnant women

Answer 28

Preparation
10,000 IU

Dose
1 cap/tab of 10,000 IU twice a week

Duration
start from 4th month of pregnancy until delivery

Remarks:
10,000 Vit. A Should not be given if they are already taking pre-natal vitamins or micronutrient tablets that contain Vit. A.

Question 29

Supplementation for
Post-Partum women

Answer 29

Preparation
200,000 IU

Dose
1 cap; 200,000 IU

Duration
One dose only within 4 weeks after delivery

Remarks:
200,000 Vit A Should not be given to pregnant women.

Question 30

Treatment schedule for xerophthalmia for all age groups .

Answer 30

6-11 months
100,000 IU
***Should be given upon diagnosis

12-59 months
200,000 IU
***1 cap given next day & 1 cap 2 weeks after

Question 31

Treatment schedule for xerophthalmia fo~egnant women

Answer 31

Pregnant women with blindness
10,000 IU

One cap/tab; OD for 4 weeks upon diagnosis

Remarks:
-not given if vitamins containing vit A is given.
- Vitamin A can be given regardless
of age of gestation if pregnant woman has nightblindness.

Question 32

Iron supplementation for pregnant and lactating women.

Answer 32

Pregnant women
-60 mg EI with 400mg Folic Acid Tablet (Prefer coated)
-1 tab OD for 6 months or 180 days or
2 tab OD (120mg EI) if prenatal consultation are done during 2nd & 3rd trimester.

Lactating Women
-60 mg EI with 400mg Folic Acid Tablet (Prefer coated)
-1 tab OD for 3 months or 90 days

**A dose of 800 mg of folic acid is still safe to pregnant women
** EI (Elemental Iron)

Question 33

Iron supplementation to
-Low birth Weight
-infant 6-11 months of age.

Answer 33

Low birth weight
-drops: 15 mg; 0.6 ml EI
-0.3 ml OD to start at 2 months until 6 months when complementary foods are given.

Infants 6-11 months
-drops: 15 mg; 0.6 ml EI
-0.6 ml OD for 3 months

Question 34

Iron supplementation to pre school and school children.

Answer 34

Children 1-5 years old
-Syrup: 30 mg EI/ 5ml
-1tsbsp OD for 3 months or
30mg once a week for 6 months.

Children 6-11 years old anemic & underweight
-Syrup: 30 mg EI/ 5ml
-2 tbsp OD for 6 months

Question 35

Iron supplementation to other population groups.

Answer 35

Adolsecent girls (10-19 yrs)
-60 mg EI with 400mcg folic acid (coated)
-OD

Older person
-60 mg EI with 400mcg folic acid (coated)
-OD

Question 36

Iodine supplementation to specific population groups.

Answer 36

Women (14-45 y.o.)
Children of school age
Adult Males

-200mg Iodine; iodized oil cpasule
-1 cap for 1 year