management of acute coronary syndrome Flashcards
Describe the pathophysiology of myocardial infarction.
Know the epidemiology of myocardial infarction.
Know the clinical presentation of myocardial infarction.
Describe the characteristic ECG changes and other diagnostic aids for myocardial infarction
complete coronary occlusion- ST elevation
partial coronary occlusion- ST depression and T wave inversion
Describe acute coronary syndrome
New onset of symptoms related to a problem with coronary arteries. Coronary arteries supply the heart muscles cells
Causes myocardial ischaemia
unstable angina- non ST segment elevation or ST segment elevation
Presentation of acute coronary syndromes
caused by an unstable coronary lesion, unpredictable, may occur at rest and includes myocardial infraction and unstable angina
diagnosis of myocardial infarction
detection of cardiac cell death and
1. symptoms of ischaema
2. new ECG changes
3. evidence of problem on coronary angiogram
name a cardiac biomarker
troponin is a specific marker for damage and injury. Detected by bloodstream and give an indication there is an injury to myocardial cells. Just reflects strain on heart and a mismatch between blood supply and demand of heart
name a cardiac biomarker
troponin is a specific marker for damage and injury. Detected by bloodstream and give an indication there is an injury to myocardial cells. Just reflects strain on heart and a mismatch between blood supply and demand of heart
cardiac issues which rise troponin
arrhythmia, pulmonary emboliim, cardiac contusion, sepsis and anaemia
history of acute coronary syndromes
ischaemic sounding chest pain, may radiate to neck and arm, often more of a discomfort and associated with nausea, sweating, breathlessness
Re-perfusion therapy
opens the blocked artery
mechanical in a Cath lab with balloons and stent
pharmacological- strong blood thinners (thrombolysis)
