ischaemic and valvular

Question 1

Describe the surgical techniques available for the treatment of ischaemic heart disease.

Answer 1

CABD- reversed saphenous vein, internal mammary arteries, radial arteries

Question 2

Explain the potential complications of surgery.

Answer 2

Wire infection
Painful wires
Sternal dehiscence
Sternal malunion

Question 3

Describe briefly the surgical procedures for the complications of ischaemic heart disease.

Answer 3

cardiac tamponade-
raised CVP, raised heart rate, low BP
oliguria- (less urine output)
increased oxygen requirements

Question 4

List those valvular defects which are amenable to surgery

Answer 4

senile tricuspid AS
bicuspid AS
degenerative MR

Question 5

Know the indications for valve replacement.

Question 6

List the types of prosthetic valves in common use.

Answer 6

Biological valve- no warfarin required but the valve wears out after 15 years
Mechanical valve- warfarin required for life
mitral valve repair- possible in many cases of degenerative MR. repair better than replacement

Question 7

Describe the medical treatment of infective endocarditis.

Answer 7

antibiotics
strep viridian’s much easier to cure than staph aureus

Question 8

indications for surgical treatment of infective endocarditis.

Answer 8

large vegetations, progressive renal failure, persistent pyrexia, severe valvular regurgitation

Question 9

what is ischaemic heart disease

Answer 9

narrowed heart arteries less blood reaches the heart muscle