Management And Leadership

Question 1

What is meant by management by objectives?

Answer 1

Improving business performance through clearly defined objectives for managers and employees. Objectives need to be SMART: Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Timely

Question 2

What are the benefit’s of management by objectives?

Answer 2

• clear objectives allowing measurement of performance
• clear priorities that managers should have

Question 3

McGregor’s theory X

Answer 3

• more pessimistic view on workers
• motivated by rewards and punishment
• workers dislike or and avoid responsibility
• appraisals are often looking for quantifiable results such as increased sales or output- more control

Question 4

McGregor’s theory Y

Answer 4

• positive view of workers
• trust-based, encourage collaboration
• workers should take on more responsibility and develop their skills
• presume that workers are happy to work on their own initiative - self motivated and want to be involved in decision making