Mamms Flashcards
Is nipple enhancement on contrast MRI normal?
Yes
What rib space does the nipple usually overlie?
4th
What is the axillary extension of the breast tissue called?
Tail of spence
Where do breast cancers most commonly start? Quadrent?
Upper Outter
What hold the breast up
Coopers Ligiments
Asymmetric breast should bring up what pathology?
Invasive Lobular breast CA
Dilated portion of the “Major duct” is called what?
Lactiferous sinus
60% of the blood flow to the breast is from where?
Internal Mammary
97% of lymph drains where? (From the breast)
Axilla
Axillary Lymph nodes (Level 1, Level 2, Level 3, Rotter) are located where? (Mamms)
Direction of flow 1 , 2, 3. 1: Lateral to Pec Minor 2: Under Pec Minor 3: Medial and superior to pec minor Rotter: Between Pec minor and major
Mets to the internal mammary nodes from breast CA usually from CA located where?
Medial Breast. Very bad.
Sternalis is seen where and on which view? Usually unilateral or bilateral?
Only on CC next to the sternum. Unilateral
Most common location of ectopic breast tissue
Axilla
Second most common location for ectopic breast tissue
Inframammary fold
Ductal elongation and proliferation is from what hormone?
Estrogen
Lobule proliferation is from what hormone?
Progesterone
Best time to have Mammo (relative to phase of cycle?)
Follicular phase 7-14 days
Beast time to have breast MRI? (relative to phase of cycle?)
Follicular phase 7-14 days
Most cancers start in the breast in what structure?
TDLU
When is breast tenderness maxed in the cycle?
27-30 day
Peak time (in years) for breast pain and cyst formation?
Perimenopause (50s)
What will happen to fibroadenomas in menopause?
Will degerate with popcorn calcifications
Secretory calcifications will develop when?
10-20 years post menopause (Rod Like)
When is breast density the most in pregnancy?
Third Trimester
What can increase breast density bilaterally besides pregnancy?
Prolactinoma or medications (antipsychotics)
Can you biopsy a lactating breast?
Yes but may cause milk fistula
What is aunt minnie look for a galactocele?
Fat fluid level
What can happen to fibroadenomas with a patient on ERT
They can grow, FAs love to drink estrogen
Describe the look of lactating adenoma
Like Fibroadenomas. Usually Multiple. 4-6 post partum follow up. Usually regress after cessation of lactation.
How often do you have to do processor quality contorl?
Daily
How often do you have to do phantom images?
weekly
How often do you have to do screen film contact?
semiannually
How often do you have to do the visual checklist?
Monthly
What is the size for stage I breast cancer?
< 2 cm
What is the size for Stage IIa
<5 cm but > 2cm with no nodes
What is the size for Stage IIb
<5 but >2cm with mets to ipsilater nodes OR >5 with no nodes
What is papillary carcinoma’s appearance on ultrasound?
Complex cystic mass
When do you need to use an LMO view?
Pectus, Kyphosis or to avoid a medial pacemaker lead
How can you describe a shape of a mass on mammography?
Round, oval, irregular
How can you describe the margin of a mass on mammo?
Circumscribed, obscured, microlobulated, indistinct, spiculated (COMIS)
How can you describe density of a mass on mammo?
fat, hypo, iso, or hyper
What is a mammo asymmetry?
Only seen in 1 view
What is a mammo global asymmetry?
greater volume of breast tissue
what is a mammo focal asymmetry?
two projections
What is a mammo developing asymmetry?
Wasn’t there before
How do you describe the margin of a mass on ultrasound for mamms?
Circumscribed, indistinct, angular, microlobulated, spiculated
What is the “foci” size for mamms MR?
< 5mm
What is the mass size for mamms MR?
> 5mm
How can you describe the margin on mamms mr?
circumscribed, irregular, spiculated
What are internal enhancement patterns for mamms mr?
homogenous, heterogenous, rim and dark internal septation
How can you describe the distribution of NMLE in mamms?
Focal, linear, linear branching, segmental, regional, multiple regional, diffuse
How can you describe the internal enhancement for NMLE?
Homogenous, heterogenous, stippled, clumped, clustered ring
DDX for amorphous ca on mamms
Fibrocystic change (most likely)
sclerosing adenosis
columnar cell change
DCIS
DDX for course heterogenous calcs on mamms
Fibroadenoma
Papilloma
fibrocystic change
DICS
DDX for fine pleomorphic calcifications
DCIS (Rest less likely) fibrocystic change fibroademoma papilpoma
