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BIO244 Animal Diversity - Vertebrate > Mammals > Flashcards

Mammals Flashcards

1
Q 
Which of the following statements about hair is true?
A)	It is homologous to feathers.
B)	It is a dermal structure.
C)	It is found in all mammals.
D)	It is possessed by all endotherms.
A

C) It is found in all mammals.

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2
Q 
. The mammalian skull may be characterized as \_\_\_\_.
A)	anapsid
B)	diapsid
C)	biaspid
D)	synapsid
A

D) synapsid

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3
Q 
Which of the following evolved from a group of carnivorous pelycosaurs?
A)	therapsids
B)	labyrinthodonts
C)	anurans
D)	theropods
A

A) therapsids

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4
Q 
The earliest therians (mammals) evolved in the \_\_\_\_.
A)	Permian
B)	Triassic
C)	Cretaceous
D)	Cenozoic
A

B) Triassic

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5
Q 
The early therians most resembled a small \_\_\_\_.
A)	pig
B)	rat
C)	kangaroo
D)	horse
A

B) rat

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6
Q

Unlike reptiles, the first mammals were characterized by ____.

A

two sets of teeth during the lifetime

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7
Q 
The implied presence of sebaceous and sweat glands in early mammals signified what?
A)	hair
B)	fossilized casts
C)	an epidermis
D)	a dermis
A

A) hair

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8
Q 
The adaptive radiation of the mammals occurred during the \_\_\_\_.
A)	Triassic
B)	Jurassic
C)	Cenozoic
D)	Cretaceous
A

D) Cretaceous

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9
Q

What is one probable reason for the great radiation of mammals during the Cretaceous period?

A

demise of dinosaurs and many other reptiles

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10
Q 
Mammals are characterized by the presence of \_\_\_\_ occipital condyles.
A)	one
B)	two
C)	three
D)	four
A

B) two

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11
Q 
The \_\_\_\_ is located between the thoracic and abdominal cavities in mammals.
A)	liver
B)	mediastinum
C)	diaphragm
D)	omasum
A

C) diaphragm

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12
Q 
Like reptiles and birds, mammals have \_\_\_\_ kidneys.
A)	mesonephric
B)	aglomerular
C)	metanephric
D)	unpaired
A

C) metanephric

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13
Q 
Hair, horns, and nails are composed of \_\_\_\_.
A)	carotenes
B)	keratin
C)	cerumen
D)	colostrum
A

B) keratin

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14
Q 
The function of vibrissae is for \_\_\_\_.
A)	coloration
B)	insulation
C)	protection against wear
D)	sensation
A

D) sensation

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15
Q

Rhinoceros horn is considered by some cultures to be an aphrodisiac. Given what you know about the composition of its horn, consuming this horn might be compared to ____.

A

biting your fingernails

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16
Q 
In most mammals, eccrine glands occur typically on \_\_\_\_.
A)	all areas of the body
B)	the head only
C)	areas of the body with much hair
D)	hairless areas of the body
A

D) hairless areas of the body

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17
Q

In humans, one might expect to find apocrine glands ____.
A) in the armpits
B) on the face
C) on the palms and the bottom of the foot
D) all over the body

A

A) in the armpits

18
Q 
In humans, sebaceous glands are most numerous on the scalp and the \_\_\_\_.
A)	palms
B)	back
C)	face
D)	armpits
A

C) face

19
Q

Mammals have teeth that are differentiated into a variety of tooth types. This condition is known as ____.

A

Heterodont

20
Q 
Members of order \_\_\_\_ have ever-growing incisors and cheek teeth.
A)	Pinnipedia
B)	Cetacea
C)	Insectivora
D)	Rodentia
A

D) Rodentia

21
Q 
An example of an insectivore is a \_\_\_\_\_.
A)	bat
B)	cat
C)	ruminant
D)	dolphin
A

A) bat

22
Q 
Which of the following is not a ruminant?
A)	horse
B)	cow
C)	bison
D)	goat
A

A) horse

23
Q 
Most female mammals are sexually receptive only during \_\_\_\_.
A)	diapause
B)	estrus
C)	gestation
D)	parturition
A

B) estrus

24
Q

Unlike birds and reptiles, mammals possess three bones (ossicles) in the middle ear. True or False

A

True

25
Q

Mammals are characterized by having diphycercal teeth. True or False

A

False

26
Q

Mammalian red blood cells may be characterized as nucleated biconcave corpuscles. True or False

A

False

27
Q

True horns, which are found in ruminants, are composed of keratin surrounding a bony core, and are shed annually. True or False

A

False (True horns are not shed)

28
Q

Sebaceous glands function primarily in temperature regulation. True or False

A

False

29
Q

An animal that eats just about anything (like most humans) is known as an ________.

A

omnivore

30
Q

The milk or deciduous teeth are replaced by permanent teeth. True or False

A

True

31
Q

________ have a four-chambered stomach to aid in digestion of cellulose.

A

Ruminants

32
Q

The correct order of the four chambers of a ruminant is ____, _____, _____, and _____

A

Rumen, Reticulum, Omasum, and Abomasum

33
Q

Some herbivores like rabbits eat their feces to aid in complete digestion. True or False

A

True

34
Q

Herbivores tend to be more active and intelligent than carnivores.True or False

A

False

35
Q

Members of order primates include humans, as well as monkeys and apes. This order is derived from tree-dwelling insectivores, so you are more closely related to a shrew than a cat! True or False

A

True

36
Q

The predecessor of Homo sapiens was Homo erectus. Our species appeared about 30,000 years ago. True or False

A

True

37
Q

Members of infraclass _________ include the duck-billed platypus, spiny anteater.

A

Ornithodelphia

38
Q

The ________ may be distinguished from the rodents, as they have a second set of small incisors behind the first, although members of both groups do have ever-growing incisors.

A

lagomorphs

39
Q

The prime distinguishing characteristic of the artiodactyls and perissodactyls is the number of toes; artiodactyls have an even number of toes, and perissodactyls have an odd number of toes. Of the two, the artiodactyls are more speciose. True or False

A

True

40
Q

The ancestral primates diverged into two major lineages, the ____ and the ___.

A

prosimians, simians

41
Q 
Which of the following is not in one of the three major simian clades?
A)	tarsiers
B)	howler monkeys
C)	mandrills
D)	gorillas
A

A) tarsiers

42
Q 
Which of the following is unique to Homo sapiens and found in no other species?
A)	binocular vision
B)	nongenetic cultural evolution
C)	grasping hands
D)	abilitiy to use tools
A

B) nongenetic cultural evolution

BIO244 Animal Diversity - Vertebrate (8 decks)

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