Amphibians and Reptiles Flashcards
The amphibians and the __________ represent the two major branches of the tetrapod lineage.
amniotes
The first terrestrial tetrapods were probably the A) rhipidistians. B) amniotes. C) coelacanths D) leptocephalans.
A) rhipidistians.
Compared to water, the oxygen content of air is ______, and the density of air is ______
greater, lesser.
The freshwater fish that survived the Devonian period possessed A) efficient gills. B) countercurrent flow. C) lungs. D) paedomorphosis.
A) efficient gills.
The development of limbs probably aided the first amphibians in?
moving between bodies of water.
The first well-known fossil of a tetrapod was in the genus _______
Ichthyostega
Some amphibians have _________, which are pigmented cells in the skin.
chromatophores
The hearts of amphibians have
two atria and one ventricle.
To facilitate cutaneous respiration, the skin of amphibians is _____ and richly __________
Moist, Vascularized
The kidneys of amphibians are A) pronephric. B) metanephric. C) mesonephric. D) anephric.
C) mesonephric.
Members of the order \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ often produce spermatophores. A) Urodela B) Gymnophiona C) Apoda D) Anura
A) Urodela
Members of the family Plethodontidae are unusual as many species completely lack A) eyes. B) a tail. C) lungs. D) a terrestrial phase.
C) lungs.
________ is the retention of larval characteristics, seen in some salamanders.
Paedomorphosis
Members of family Bufonidae are colloquially called A) true frogs. B) true toads. C) tree frogs. D) clawed frogs.
B) true toads.
Some frogs hibernate during the winter and avoid the harmful effects of freezing by accumulating _________ and _______ in their bodies.
Glucose, Glycerol
The retention of gills throughout life is a condition occurs in A) salamanders. B) caecilians. C) frogs. D) toads
A) salamanders.
The frog most commonly used in zoology laboratories for dissections, and is also the frog that has the widest distribution belongs to the genus ____
Rana
Amphibians that have no larval development are said to have ____
_________-they hatch from the egg as miniature versions of the adults.
direct development
___________ breathing is a form of respiration that supplements cutaneous respiration by pumping air in and out of the mouth and gases are exchanged over the highly vascularized membranes of the mouth.
Buccopharyngeal
Frogs are solitary during most of the year, except during the breeding period, which is typically in the spring. True or False
True
The primary excretory waste of amphibians is ______ and is stored in a bladder.
Ammonia
Most amphibians have a forelimb with _____ digits and a rear limb with ____ digits.
Four, Five
The order name Salientia refers to the lack of a tail. True or False
False (It means to Jump)
Amphibians respire by a positive-pressure mechanism, as opposed to the negative pressure of the amniotes. In other words, if you were a frog, it would take energy to expire, but relatively little energy to inspire. True or False
False
