Chapter 18 Flashcards
1
Q
The first amniotes evolved in the period. A) Devonian B) Jurassic C) Carboniferous D) Triassic
A
C) Carboniferous
2
Q
An example of an extant anapsid is a A) there are none. B) mesosaur. C) plesiosaur. D) turtle.
A
A) there are none.
3
Q
An example of an extant diapsid is a(n) A) ichthyosaur. B) pterosaur. C) tuatara. D) dog.
A
C) tuatara.
4
Q
Birds and crocodilians are both A) anapsids. B) diapsids. C) therapsids. D) thecodonts.
A
B) diapsids.
5
Q
Of the diapsid group, the \_\_\_\_\_\_ include the majority of the modern reptiles. A) archosaurs B) sauropterygians C) plesiosaurs D) lepidosaurs
A
D) lepidosaurs
6
Q
The ___ are very large, long-necked, aquatic, extinct reptiles, but are not considered to be dinosaurs.
A
Plesiosaurs
7
Q
The scales of reptiles are \_\_\_ in origin. A) bony B) dermal C) epidermal D) hypodermal
A
C) epidermal
8
Q
The reptiles are the first group to have ___ pairs of cranial nerves, the same number as seen in birds and mammals.
A
12
9
Q
Reptiles have a ____ kidney, which produces ____ as an excretory waste.
A
Metanephric, Uric acid
10
Q
The _____ are reptiles with a four-chambered heart with two atria and two ventricles.
A
crocodilians
11
Q
Some reptiles may have a higher body temperature than the environment by ____.
A
Behaviorally thermoregulating
12
Q
After birth, young reptiles respire via \_\_\_\_. A) cutaneous respiration B) gills C) the bursa of fabricius D) lungs
A
D) lungs
13
Q
Because reptiles produce a shelled egg, \_\_\_\_ is very useful. A) mating behavior B) a copulatory organ C) a spermatophore D) amplexus
A
B) a copulatory organ
14
Q
Crocodilians evolved a ____, found in no other vertebrate except the mammals.
A
complete secondary palate
15
Q
Turtles have both vertebrae and \_\_\_\_ fused to their upper shell. A) ribs B) neck C) tail D) humerus
A
A) ribs
16
Q
The sex of turtles, as well as some other reptiles, is based on ____.
A
temperature of incubation
17
Q
The order \_\_\_\_\_ is the most speciose group of extant reptiles. A) Squamata B) Testudines C) Archosauria D) Crocodilia
A
A) Squamata
18
Q
Darwin observed the \_\_\_\_, the only truly marine lizard. A) gecko B) skink C) iguana D) chameleon
A
C) iguana
19
Q
Legless reptiles include \_\_\_\_. A) snakes only B) lizards only C) both snakes and lizards D) members of all extant orders
A
C) both snakes and lizards
20
Q
The forked tongue of a snake works in tandem with the \_\_\_\_. A) Jacobson's organ B) pit organs C) parietal gland D) venom duct
A
A) Jacobson’s organ
21
Q
Examples of snakes with pit organs include \_\_\_\_. A) rattlesnakes B) cobras C) puff adders D) garter snakes
A
A) rattlesnakes
22
Q
Pit vipers use their pit organs to track prey such as \_\_\_\_. A) other snakes B) eggs of other snakes C) mammals D) arthropods
A
C) mammals
23
Q
Where might one find a tuatara? A) on the Galapagos Islands B) in the Florida Keys C) in the American Great Lakes D) near New Zealand
A
D) near New Zealand
24
Q
Of the reptiles, which lack teeth? A) turtles B) snakes C) lizards D) tuataras
A
A) turtles
25
```
Birds are members of superorder ____.
A) Lepidosauria
B) Archosauria
C) Anapsida
D) Crocodilia
```
B) Archosauria
26
Class Reptilia is considered to be a monophyletic group.True or False
False
27
Extraembryonic membranes of the reptiles include the _____, _____, _____, and ______
amnion, allantois, yolk sac, and chorion.
28
Scales of reptiles are homologous to the scales of fish, as well as the feathers of a bird, or mammalian hair. True or False
False
29
The ventral shell of the turtle is known as the ____
Plastron
30
Lizards and snakes have a _________ and this is unusual among reptiles.
kinetic skull
31
Snake venoms may be hemolytic or endotoxic. True or False
False
32
Snakes are typically ovoviviparous, although other snake species may be viviparous or oviparous. True or False
False
33
Worm lizards belong to order ______
Amphisbaenia
34
In contrast to the suggestion by its name, ornithiscian dinosaurs had hips like a bird, yet the birds evolved from saurischian dinosaurs. True or False
True
35
The majority of dinosaurs were large in size, predatory, and swift in movement. True or False
False
36
The quadrupedal sauropods include herbivores such as Brachiosaurus and Argentinosaurus. True or false
True
37
Herbivorous ornithischians include Stegosaurus, Triceratops, and the hadrosaurs. True or False
True
38
Both reptiles and amphibians have a glandular skin and possess chromatophores. True or False
False
39
Both reptiles and amphibians have some members that have a four-chambered heart. True or False
False
40
In the amniotic egg, the ______ is a source of amino acids minerals and water for the embryo.
Albumin
41
The muscular diaphragm is absent in reptiles, and therefore, they must enlarge the thoracic cavity or move internal organs to draw air into the lungs. True or False
True
42
Of all reptiles, ______ have literally plodded on, unchanged, for the longest period of evolutionary time.
Turtles
43
The ____ and the birds are the only living representatives of the archosaurian lineage that gave rise to the dinosaurs.
Crocodilia
44
Which of the following is not true of the aminiotic egg of reptiles?
A) provides support for the growing embryo
B) permits reproduction in relatively dry environments
C) assists in exchange of O2 and CO2 with the environment
D) requires the slow development of small young
D) requires the slow development of small young
45
The fossil of an adult theropod Oviraptor was found with a nest of eggs. Scientists now believe this dinosaur ____.
was probably nesting on its own eggs
