Mammal dissection Flashcards
Where on the external body will there be no hair?
soles of the feet
tip of nose
sometimes tail has parts without hair
What type of -grade are squirrels? rabbits? fawns?
squirrels = digitigrade
rabbits = plantigrade
fawns = unguligrade
What are vibrassae?
whiskers
clumps of long hairs with sensory functions
How many rows of how many mammary gland nipples?
usually 2 rows of 6 nipples
How many lobes does the liver have?
4
What mammals do not have gall bladders?
rats
How many lobes do their lungs have?
4
How many heart chambers are there?
4
Is circulation single or double?
double
WHat are the major blood vessels?
superior vena cava
pulmonary arteries
aorta
What is the excretory waste product?
urea (plus water) produced in the kidneys
What carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder and then the bladder out of the body?
ureters from kidneys - bladder
urethra from bladder - outside
Describe the basic female reproductive system
two uterine horns connected to vagina make a duplex uterus
uterine horns connected to ovaries via fallopian tubes
Describe the basic male reproductive system
testes located in scrotum
sperm moves from testes to urethra via vas deferens
prostate glands and seminal vesicles present
What is unique about mammalian female urogenital system compared to other animal groups?
eggs and urine are not deposited out a single opening (aka the cloaca in others) but instead have separate pathways out of the body - eggs move through the fallopian tubes whereas urine moves through the urethra
how does the female reproductive system differ between birds and mammals? how is this related to flight adaptations?
birds have only one ovary and oviduct, whereas mammals have 2 of each = birds needed to minimize their weight in order to fly
What adaptations to the circulatory system are shared between birds and mammals? why might these be shared traits?
both birds and mammals have 4 chambered hearts with double circulation
might be shared due to their endothermy - an efficient circulatory system is necessary to support the high metabolism required for endothermy
What adaptations to the skeletal system do birds and mammals share? why?
more vertebrae in the sacrum are fused
pelvic girdle is fused
they are both adapted for bipedalism
What adaptations do mammals and frogs share? why might they share these?
they both have lungs with alveoli
