Mammal dissection

Question 1

Where on the external body will there be no hair?

Answer 1

soles of the feet
tip of nose
sometimes tail has parts without hair

Question 2

What type of -grade are squirrels? rabbits? fawns?

Answer 2

squirrels = digitigrade

rabbits = plantigrade

fawns = unguligrade

Question 3

What are vibrassae?

Answer 3

whiskers

clumps of long hairs with sensory functions

Question 4

How many rows of how many mammary gland nipples?

Answer 4

usually 2 rows of 6 nipples

Question 5

How many lobes does the liver have?

Answer 5

4

Question 6

What mammals do not have gall bladders?

Answer 6

rats

Question 7

How many lobes do their lungs have?

Answer 7

4

Question 8

How many heart chambers are there?

Answer 8

4

Question 9

Is circulation single or double?

Answer 9

double

Question 10

WHat are the major blood vessels?

Answer 10

superior vena cava
pulmonary arteries
aorta

Question 11

What is the excretory waste product?

Answer 11

urea (plus water) produced in the kidneys

Question 12

What carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder and then the bladder out of the body?

Answer 12

ureters from kidneys - bladder

urethra from bladder - outside

Question 13

Describe the basic female reproductive system

Answer 13

two uterine horns connected to vagina make a duplex uterus

uterine horns connected to ovaries via fallopian tubes

Question 14

Describe the basic male reproductive system

Answer 14

testes located in scrotum

sperm moves from testes to urethra via vas deferens

prostate glands and seminal vesicles present

Question 15

What is unique about mammalian female urogenital system compared to other animal groups?

Answer 15

eggs and urine are not deposited out a single opening (aka the cloaca in others) but instead have separate pathways out of the body - eggs move through the fallopian tubes whereas urine moves through the urethra

Question 16

how does the female reproductive system differ between birds and mammals? how is this related to flight adaptations?

Answer 16

birds have only one ovary and oviduct, whereas mammals have 2 of each = birds needed to minimize their weight in order to fly

Question 17

What adaptations to the circulatory system are shared between birds and mammals? why might these be shared traits?

Answer 17

both birds and mammals have 4 chambered hearts with double circulation

might be shared due to their endothermy - an efficient circulatory system is necessary to support the high metabolism required for endothermy

Question 18

What adaptations to the skeletal system do birds and mammals share? why?

Answer 18

more vertebrae in the sacrum are fused
pelvic girdle is fused

they are both adapted for bipedalism

Question 19

What adaptations do mammals and frogs share? why might they share these?

Answer 19

they both have lungs with alveoli