Malozzi- Cardiomyopathies

Question 1

disease of the heart muscle

Answer 1

cardiomyopathy

Question 2

2 main types of cardiomyopathy (clinically)

Answer 2

ischemic
nonischemic

Question 3

most common type of cardiomyopathy

Answer 3

ischemic cardiomyopathy

Question 4

presents w/:
exercise intolerance
dyspnea on exertion
fluid retention
sob when lying down
increased HR

Answer 4

cardiomyopathy

Question 5

most patients with this cardiomyopathy present with acute MI or longstanding coronary atherosclerosis

Answer 5

ischemic cardiomyopathy

Question 6

Answer 6

L coronary a. system (w/ stenosis)

Question 7

Answer 7

R coronary a. system (w/ stenosis)

Question 8

the degree of coronary artery disease has to match degree of cardiac _______ to label it ischemic cardiomyopathy

Answer 8

dysfunction

Question 9

if EF is 20% and LAD occlusion is 30% (not restricting blood flow), yes you have CAD, but it is not what

Answer 9

not the cause of cardiac dysfunction

Question 10

3 main causes of dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 10

genetic, acquired, mixed

Question 11

inflammatory process affecting myocardium and weakening pump function

Answer 11

myocarditis

Question 12

patient presents w/ flu-like sx’s and acute HF

Answer 12

Myocarditis

Question 13

most common cause of myocarditis

Answer 13

coxsackie B virus

Question 14

this often leads to thin RV due to dilatation (was told this in lab)

Answer 14

myocarditis

Question 15

pt presents w/ HF over a few days/wks

Answer 15

acute myocarditis

Question 16

pt presents w/ fever, myalgia, upper respiratory sx’s and chest pain and dyspnea

Answer 16

acute myocarditis

Question 17

Rx acute myocarditis

Answer 17

supportive (virus)
HF treatment

Question 18

rapidly progressive form of myocarditis accompanied by ventricular arrhythmias

Answer 18

Giant Cell myocarditis

Question 19

occurs in people <40 yrs
treatment doesn’t help

Answer 19

giant cell myocarditis

Question 20

best thing to do for patient w/ giant cell myocarditis

Answer 20

heart transplant

Question 21

3 main causes of toxic cardiomyopathy

Answer 21

long term alcohol use
long term cocaine use
cancer therapy

Question 22

what can cause tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy

Answer 22

AFib or PVC’s (any SVT’s); LV dysfunction

Question 23

to Rx tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy

Answer 23

get pt. back to sinus rhythm and control HR

Question 24

cardiomyopathy caused by anatomic myocardial abnormality due to arrest of embryogenesis of ventricular myocardium

Answer 24

LV non-compaction cardiomyopathy

Question 25

this causes increase in wall thickness and decrease in LV function

Answer 25

LV non-compaction cardiomyopathy

Question 26

Answer 26

LV non-compaction cardiomyopathy

Question 27

pathologic hallmark of LV non-compaction cardiomyopathy

Answer 27

deep trabeculations in LV

Question 28

Answer 28

Takotsubo (stress cardiomyopathy)

Question 29

Answer 29

Takotsubo (stress cardiomyopathy)

Question 30

most common cause of sudden death in young people/athletes

Answer 30

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Question 31

presents w/ unexplained LV wall thickness

Answer 31

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Question 32

caused by mutations in myosin heavy chain (AD)

Answer 32

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Question 33

Answer 33

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Question 34

ventricular septal thickness

Answer 34

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Question 35

Answer 35

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Question 36

ventricular arrhythmias can lead to what 2 things

Answer 36

syncope sudden death

Question 37

left ventricular hypertrophy causes impaired diastolic filling and _____ LVEDP

Answer 37

increases LVEDP

Question 38

an increase in LVEDP and mitral regurgitation can cause what symptom

Answer 38

dyspnea

Question 39

how does mitral regurgitation and elevated LVEDP cause dyspnea

Answer 39

elevated pulmonary venous pressure in lungs

Question 40

dynamic LV outflow obstruction leads to failure to increase CO w/ exertion leading to

Answer 40

syncope

Question 41

increased LVEDP and increased wall thickness makes it more difficult to supply what with blood

Answer 41

endocardium

Question 42

what increases hypertrophic cardiomyopathy murmur

Answer 42

standing/valsalva

Question 43

what increases aortic stenosis murmur

Answer 43

squatting

Question 44

these drugs function to slow everything down, increase diastolic filling and reduce obstruction

Answer 44

beta blockers

Question 45

best Rx for LV outflow obstruction (hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

Answer 45

beta blockers

Question 46

low preload low afterload tachycardia seen in what

Answer 46

worsening LVOT obstruction

Question 47

2 main causes of restrictive cardiomyopathy

Answer 47

amyloidosis sarcoidosis

Question 48

what happens in restrictive cardiomyopathy to ventricle (and during diastole)

Answer 48

becomes stiff and can't fill fully during diastole

Question 49

cause of restrictive cardiomyopathy due to deposition of beta pleated sheets made of misfolded proteins deposited into myocardium

Answer 49

Amyloidosis

Question 50

what is the paradoxical finding of amyloidosis restrictive cardiomyopathy

Answer 50

echo shows LVH EKG doesn't show LVH; we see lowww voltage

Question 51

Answer 51

restrictive cardiomyopathy: amyloidosis

Question 52

deals with myocardium; increased wall thickness

Answer 52

restrictive cardiomyopathy

Question 53

deals with external factors; normal wall thickness

Answer 53

constrictive pericarditis

Question 54

pregnant patient who suddenly develops HF symptoms (sob, lower extremity edema) with no identifiable cause

Answer 54

peripartum cardiomyopathy

Question 55

to Rx peripartum cardiomyopathy

Answer 55

HF drugs (NOT ACEIs/ARBs)

Question 56

_______correlates with EF in peripartum cardiomyopathy

Answer 56

survival