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Lindsey's LC Unit 2 > Malignant Breast Disease > Flashcards

Malignant Breast Disease Flashcards

1
Q

_____ pts are at significantly increased risk for development of invasive carcinoma in both breasts.

A

LCIS

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2
Q

Dx? Found on mammo: Clonal proliferation of epithelial cells within the ducts leaving the myoepithelial layer with basement membrane intact

A

DCIS

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3
Q

_____ is associated with a significant risk of developing invasive carcinoma in the ipsilateral breast.

A

DCIS

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4
Q

What does Her2/neu normally do?

A

promotes cell growth

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5
Q

Breast cancer in males most often clinically presents as _____.

A

a subareolar palpable mass

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6
Q

DCIS is associated with a significant risk of developing ______.

A

invasive carcinoma in the ipsilateral breast

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7
Q

When tumors occur in the _____ quadrant they preferentially spread to the internal mammary lymph nodes.

A

inner

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8
Q

_____ pattern DCIS contains central necrosis and is always high grade.

A

Comedo

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9
Q

Breast tumors that express estrogen and progesterone receptors have a _____ prognosis.

A

better

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10
Q

BRCA1 or BRCA2: slightly increased risk for ovarian cancer increased risk for male breast CA

A

BRCA2

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11
Q

What general cancer type is the most common primary breast CA?

A

carcinoma

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12
Q

Where does a metastasis found in the breast usually come from?

A

hematologic malignancies (but also melanoma, lung, ovarian, kidney, prostate, and stomach)

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13
Q

Dx?: composed of stromal and epithelial components and both arise from the stroma immediately surrounding the breast lobules (intralobular stroma) stromal growths covered by epithelium often forming a leaf-like appearance

A

Phylloides tumor - a type of Mixed (Biphasic) breast CA

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14
Q

Chronic edema of the limb is associated with which breast CA?

A

angiosarcoma

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15
Q

Pts presenting with Paget’s disease of the nipple often have an underlying _____.

A

invasive carcinoma

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16
Q

BRCA1 or BRCA2: increased risk for ovarian cancer breast carcinomas have a distinct histologic appearance typically ER, PR and Her2/neu negative

A

BRCA1

17
Q

Dx? incidental finding of mulitcentric, bilateral, small, uniform cells with round nuclei filling the lobules and poorly adhering to adjacent cells

A

LCIS

18
Q

What genetic syndrome increases the risk of male breast CA?

A

Klinefelter’s

19
Q

What is the defect in Cowden syndrome?

A

mutation in PTEN

20
Q

How does Paget’s disease of the nipple present?

A

a scaly rash on the nipple with pruritus

21
Q

What is the curative tx for DCIS?

A

surgery

22
Q

LCIS pts are at significantly increased risk for development of ______.

A

invasive carcinoma in both breasts

23
Q

What is the defect in Li-Fraumeni Syndrome?

A

p53 mutation

24
Q

What is the most important prognostic factor in breast CA?

A

lymph node spread

25
Q

When tumors occur in the inner quadrant they preferentially spread to the ______ lymph nodes.

A

internal mammary

26
Q

Dx? Neoplastic DCIS cells grow from the ducts onto the adjacent skin without invading through the basement membrane of the ducts or skin

A

Paget’s disease of the nipple

27
Q

Comedo pattern DCIS contains central necrosis and is always _____ grade.

A

high

28
Q

Comedo pattern DCIS contains _____ and is always high grade.

A

central necrosis

29
Q

What does CHEK2 normally do?

A

tumor suppression

30
Q

Lobular carcinoma uniquely will have ____ on histology due to loss of e-cadherin.

A

single file lines of cells

31
Q

What mutation increases the risk of male breast CA?

A

BRCA2

32
Q

What is the normal function of the BRCA genes?

A

tumor suppression (DNA damage repair)

33
Q

Dx?: well-circumscribed mass solid sheets of enlarged cells with high-grade nuclei and frequent mitoses; marked associated inflammation a pushing, rounded boarder triple negative BRCA1 +

A

Medullary carcinoma

34
Q

Dx?: presents in 5th decade Very well differentiated tumor composed of well-formed tubules and relatively bland appearing cells with low nuclear grade Hormone receptors w/o Her2/neu Excellent prognosis

A

tubular carcinoma

35
Q

Her2/neu overexpression is assoc. with a _____ prognosis.

A

poor

36
Q

Dx?: well-circumscribed mass in older age groups small islands of tumor cells floating in pale-blue lakes of mucin expresses hormone receptors most freq in BRCA1 mutation pts

A

Mucinous (colloid) carcinoma

37
Q

What does high grade DCIS often overexpress? Low grade?

A

high grade = Her2/neu low grade = hormonal receptors

38
Q

What is the defect in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome?

A

Mutation in STK11/LKB1

39
Q

What is the tx for Her2/neu + breast CA?

A

trastuzumab, Herceptin

Lindsey's LC Unit 2 (10 decks)

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