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Heamatology > Malignancies > Flashcards

Malignancies Flashcards

1
Q

what cells are increased in number in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia?

A

lymphocytes

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2
Q

how does acute lymphoblastic leukaemia present?

A

> bleeding
infection
anaemia
young

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3
Q

what cells are seen in chronic lymphoblastic leukaemia?

A

functionally incompetent lymphocytes

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4
Q

how does chronic lymphocytic leukaemia present?

A 
> more than 60yrs old
> sweats
> infections
> bleeding
> malaise
> abdominal discomfort
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5
Q

what staging is used in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia?

A

binet staging

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6
Q

what treatment is used in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia?

A

tyrosine kinase inhibitors

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7
Q

what cells increase in numbers in acute myeloid leukaemia?

A

immature myeloid white blood cells

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8
Q

how does acute myeloid leukaemia present?

A

> bone marrow failure (infections, bleeding, anaemia)

> older patients

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9
Q

what cells are seen in chronic myeloid leukaemia?

A

increased myeloid precursors

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10
Q

in what cancer is the Philadelphia chromosome present?

A

chronic myeloid leukaemia

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11
Q

how does chronic myeloid leukaemia present?

A 
> middle age
> weight loss
> anaemia
> bleeding
> gout
> splenomegaly
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12
Q

what treatment is available for chronic myeloid leukaemia?

A

tyrosine kinase inhibitors

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13
Q

expansion what cells are seen in hodgkins lymphoma?

A

b and t cells

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14
Q

what are b symptoms?

A

> fever
weight loss
pruritis
sweats

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15
Q

how does hodgkins lymphoma present?

A

> painless lymphadenopathy

> b symptoms

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16
Q

how does non hodkins lymphoma present?

A

> b symptoms
lymphadenopathy
hepatosplenomegaly

17
Q

what cells are involved in multiple myeloma?

A

abnormal plasma cells: increase in monoclonal antibodies

18
Q

how does multiple myeloma present?

A 
> spinal cord compression
> resp. infections
> anaemia
> headaches
> bleeding
> pallor
> amyloidosis
19
Q

what treatment is available in multiple myeloma?

A

> bisphosphonate therapy

> chemo

Heamatology (6 decks)

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