Bleeding Disorders Flashcards
what causes haemorrhagic disease of the newborn?
their immature coagulation system and lack of vitamin K
what does haemorrhagic disease of the newborn cause?
fatal and incapacitating haemorrhage
describe platelet type bleeding
> menorrhagia
purpura
epistaxis
mucosal
describe coagulation factor pattern bleeding
> CNS
articular
haematomas
true or false
haemophilia A and B are x linked
true
what are the clinical features of haemophilia A/B?
> haemoarthrosis > CNS bleeding > muscle haematoma > retroperitoneal bleeding > post surgical bleeding > complications - stroke - chronic haemophilic arthropathy - neurovascular compression - synovitis
how is haemophilia diagnosed?
> clinically
prolonged APTT (partial thrombo plastin time)
normal prothrombin time
reduced FVIII or FV IX
how is haemophilia treated?
> desmopressin > coagulation factor replacement FVIII/IX > tranexamic acid > general - splints - physio - joint replacement - synovectomy - analgesia
what are some complications of haemophilia treatment?
> HCV/HBV/HIV
DDAVP- MI/hyponatreamia
inhibitors
what is von Willebrand disease?
quantitative and qualitive abnormalities of vWF leading to mucosal platelet type bleeding
what are the subtypes of von Willebrand disease?
> type 1: quantitative
type 2: qualitive deficiency
type 3: severe complete deficiency
what is the management of von Willebrand disease?
> vWF concentrate
desmopressin
tranexamic acid
OCP
what are some causes of acquired bleeding disorders?
> renal failure > DIC > drugs > thrombocytopenia > liver failure
what is thrombocytopenia?
low levels of platelets
how does thrombocytopenia present?
> petechia
ecchymosis
mucosal bleeding
rare CNS bleeding
