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301 > Males Health > Flashcards

Males Health Flashcards

1
Q

What is the prostate?

A

Male reproductive gland

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2
Q

What is the prostate made up of?

A

Epithelial cells

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3
Q

What 3 conditions are associated with the Prostate?

A

• prostatitis
• benign prostate hyperplasia
• prostate cancer

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4
Q

What happens in BPH?

A

An increase in epithelial and stromal cells

These are closest to urethra - causes construction and urgency

There is a increase in DHT

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5
Q

Is BPH cancerous

A

NO

the gland is enlarged but NOT cancerous

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6
Q

Risk factors of BPH?

A

increase in age (>45) & DHT

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7
Q

Common symptoms of BPH?

A

• difficulty in starting to urinate
• increased frequency to urinate
• difficulty in fully emptying bladder

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8
Q

What issues can arise from not completely empty bladder?

A

Urine accumulation =
• bacterial infection + cystitis

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9
Q

How is urinary retention relieved?

A

Catheterisation

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10
Q

Non-pharmacological treatment?

A

Lifestyle advice:
• reduce fluid intake
• advoid excessive drinking at night
• empty bladder before night and long trips
• train bladder

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11
Q

Which pharmacology treatment are used in BHP?

A

• alpha blockers
• 5a- Reductase

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12
Q

Examples of Alpha Blockers?

A

• tamsulosin
• prazosin
• Alfuzosin

SIN

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13
Q

Alpha Blockers MOA

A

Selectively blocks alpha receptors in the NS

Relaxes the prostate neck & smooth muscle

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14
Q

What side effect are associated with Alpha blockers?

A

• headache
• dizziness
• drowsiness
• ejaculation issues

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15
Q

Examples of 5a- reductase inhibitors

A

Fintasterdine
Dutasteride

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16
Q

What is the mode of action of 5a -reductase inhibitors

A

Inhibits 5a reductase - conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone

Reducing the size of prostate - decreasing resistance to flow

17
Q

Side affects associated with 5a-reductase inhibitors?

A

Sextual dysfunction & reduced ejaculation volume

Pregnant women should not handle broken tables

18
Q

What should be monitored when taking 5a-reductase inhibitors?

A

PSA

19
Q

If prostate size is > 30-40cm which drug should be used

A

5a-reductase inhibitors

20
Q

Can Alpha blockers & 5a-reductase inhibitors be combined

A

Yes

21
Q

Supplying OTC Tamsulosin

A

Supply criteria:
• male > 45
• symptoms of BPH for 3 months
• 2 weeks supply initially

Counselling
• 400mcrg OD
• swallow whole
• take after first meal

301 (27 decks)

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