Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Module 4 (MedSurg 2) > Male-specific GU > Flashcards

Male-specific GU Flashcards

1
Q

BPH MEANS

A

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

BPH

A

Condition in which the prostate gland increases in size
Outflow of urine from the bladder to the urethra is disrupted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What urine output occurs with BPH

A

low due to obstruction
= Postrenal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The older you get the ______ likely men are to have BPH

A

MORE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

BPH Risk factors

A

Aging
Obesity
- Especially increased waist circumference
Lack of physical activity
High amount of dietary animal protein
Alcohol consumption
Erectile dysfunction
Smoking (vasoconstriction)
Diabetes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Initiative s/s of BPH

A

Nocturia (often first recognized symptom)
Frequency
Urgency
Dysuria
Bladder pain
Incontinence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Obstructive s/s of BPH

A

Decreased urinary stream caliber and force
Intermittency
Hesitancy
Dribbling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Complications of BPH

A

Urinary retention (main complication)
Urinary tract infection (UTI)
- sits in bladder and bacteria grows
Overflow incontinence
Hydronephrosis
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Urinary retention shows through

A

bladder distention
sudden pain
inability urinate
post-void residual greater than 200

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

AKI shows through

A

low GFR
Increased BUN and Creatinine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

BPH can increase UTI to

A

urosepsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What type of pain does BPH pts present?

A

suprapubic and flank
dysuria
High fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Dx of BPH

A

Detailed H&P
Digital rectal exam (DRE)
Estimates prostate size, symmetry and consistency
Urinalysis/Culture
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) – r/o cancer
Screens for prostate cancer (high)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

During a DRE, what does BPH feel like?

A

smooth
symmetrical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Tx of BPH

A

Catheter insertion, if possible, for retention
Pharmacological interventions
Possible surgery (in severe situations)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Goals of Tx BPH

A

Restore bladder drainage
Relieve the patient’s symptoms
Prevent or treat the complications of BPH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Nursing Management of BPH

A

Active surveillance
Bladder scan
Dietary changes
Medication
Avoid anticholinergics and decongestants (urine retention)
Limit fluids at night
Bladder re-training (timed voiding schedule)
Annual follow up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What nutritional foods need to be decreased with BPH pts

A

caffeine
high fats
meat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Alpha-adrenergic Blockers

A

Relax the smooth muscle that surrounds the urethra
Facilitates urinary flow through the urethra
symptom improvement days to weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Adverse effects of Alpha Blockers

A

LOW BP
Abnormal ejaculation
Caution when going for cataract surgery
FLOPPY IRIS SYNDROME

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Does Alpha Blockers decrease the size of the prostate?

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Types of Alpha Blockers

A

Silodosin (Rapaflo)
Alfuzosin (Uroxatral)
Doxazosin (Cardura)**
Prazosin (Minipress)
Terazosin (Hytrin)
Tamsulosin (Flomax)**

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Quick way to remember Alpha meds

A

-sin goes down and so does BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

5-alpha reductase inhibitors do

A

Shrink enlarged tissue
Reduce the size of the prostate gland
3-6 months for improvement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
5-alpha reductase inhibitors have adverse effects
Increased risk of high-grade prostate tumor ED/decreased libido Gynecomastia (breast enlargement)
26
5α-Reductase inhibitors do
**Blocks** enzyme necessary for **conversion of testosterone** to DHT **↓ Size of prostate gland**
27
Which med is more effective for larger prostates with bothersome symptoms?
5a-reductase
28
5a Reductase inhibitor types
Finasteride (Proscar) Dutasteride (Avodart) Jalyn (finasteride plus tamsulosin)
29
Surgical Mgmt of BPH
Outpatient therapies to invasive ***TURP*** Stents tuip Open Prostatectomy Transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) Transurethral needle ablation (TUNA) Laser prostatectomy
30
TURP means
Transurethral resection of the prostate
31
What is used for TURP?
Murphy Drip
32
Is hematuria normal for TURP?
Yes
33
Post-Op for TURP complications
Hemorrhage Bladder spasms Urinary incontinence Infection **Occlusions**
34
CBI (continuous bladder irrigation)
Remove blood clots Ensure drainage of urine Use aseptic technique
35
After TURP we want them to be on what to prevent straining?
stool softeners high fiber diets
36
Bladder spasms are treated with
-clamp the fluid because of the blood clot caught need irrigation
37
Post-Op Care for TURP care
catheter care kegel signs of infection observe
38
To manage dribbling and continue social activities after
penile clamp condom catheter incontinence pads or brief
39
Patho of Prostate CA
SLOW growing
40
What is the most common CA in men?
prostate CA
41
Prostate CA can metastasize to
Lymph node/lung/other organs/bone High cure when local
42
Prostate CA feels like what during DRE?
asymmetrical rough
43
S/S of Prostate CA
BPH symptoms **PSA elevated extreme** **DRE – rough and asymmetrical** Dysuria/hematuria Pain Perineal Suprapubic **Rectal**
44
Dx of Prostate CA
**PSA screening HIGH ELEVATED** DRE Screening recommendation **Age 55-6**9 should be screened every 2 years **Biopsy - actual dx**
45
Tx for Prostate CA
Radiation/chemo Brachytherapy Cryotherapy and ablative hormone therapy Chemotherapy **Radical Prostatectomy**
46
Post-Op Care for Prostatectomy
indwelling **catheter inflate to 20-30** site drain stay in hospital for 1-3 days **increase fiber and stool softeners**
47
Complications of Prostatectomy
Erectile dysfunction (ED) Incontinence, urinary retention *Hemorrhage* *Infection* *Wound dehiscence* *DVT/PE*
48
The first few months after prostatectomy is more prominent for
incontinence
49
With brachytherapy for Prostate CA
don't touch probes and limit time the to them 4-6 ft away with gloves and radioactive gown no pregnant or children in the room due to radiologic use separate restroom and flush toilet twice after use
50
Pt Teaching of Brachytherapy
Annual check-up PSA/DRE Brachytherapy radiation exposure to partner Signs of infection Prevention
51
Erectile dysfunction
Inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse - incidence increases with age
52
Causes of erectile dysfunction
**systemic, psychologic, or meds** Diabetes, vascular disease, side effects of medication, results of surgery, trauma, stress, depression, and others **avoid smoking and alcohol use**
53
Dx of erectile dysfunction
pt complaint assessment DM, CVD, low testosterone levels
54
5(PDE-5) inhibitors use
Cause smooth muscle relaxation and **increases blood flow**
55
5(PDE-5) inhibitors not be used with
nitrates (nitroglycerin) - **potentiate hypotension** Alpha - hypotension **priapism**, HA, flushing, dyspepsia
56
Priapism
erection longer than 4 hours
57
Priapism is a
emergency intracavernosal injection
58
5(PDE-5) inhibitors Types of meds
Sildenafil (Viagra) Vardenafil (Levitra) Tadalafil (Cialis)
59
5(PDE-5) inhibitors end in
-afil **Phil has erectile dysfunction**
60
Other tx in Ed
vacuum device implant or prosthesis (no before scans) psychosocial
61
Nurses should figure out about a pt with Ed
Hx support or counseling teach contributing factors meds risks **priapism**
62
The halflife of 5PDE is
long 4-17.5 hours
63
Testicular CA Causes
**Abnormal testicle development** Exposure to certain chemicals **HIV** infection History of testicular cancer History of **undescended testicle** **Infertility** Tobacco use **Down syndrome**
64
Testicular CA affects
15-35 age males
65
Metastasize to where from Testicular CA
Tumors on right side may spread to right side of the lymph nodes Tumors on left side may spread to back of the abdomen
66
S/S of testicular CA
**Painless mass in scrotum** Nontender and **firm** Later : Dull ache or heavy sensation in lower abdomen, perianal area, or scrotum
67
Dx of Testicular CA
**Firm scrotum when palpated -no light through testicles** Ultrasound Tumor markers (hCG)
68
Tx of Testicular CA
Surgery Chemotherapy Radiation
69
Orchiectomy
Surgical removal of the affected testis, spermatic cord, and regional lymph nodes
70
Seminomas
Radiation **and/or** chemotherapy Very sensitive to radiation therapy
71
Nonseminomas
Not responsive to radiation Removal of lymph nodes More **rapid growth** **Chemotherapy**
72
Nursing Mgmt of Testicular CA
wound care VS **Teach infection signs, fertility bank, follow up, and self exam monthly**
73
Male Breast CA
Uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in breast tissue Male breast cancer is a rare disease
74
Male Breast CA risks
Hyperestrogenism **Family** history of breast cancer **Radiation exposure**
75
S/S of Male Breast CA
Swelling/**lump in breast area**, Dimpling of skin or nipple erythema Nipple **discharge** **Nipple inversion** Ultrasonography and MRI
76
Dx of Male Breast CA
MRI Ultrasound Lab studies **Bx** don't need a mammogram
77
Tx of Male Breast CA
Surgery Chemotherapy Hormone therapy Radiation therapy
78
Nursing Mgmt of SURGERY or therapy of Male Breast CA
monitor VS Incision and JP Drain Care Pain mgmt emotional support
79
PT teaching of Male Breast CA
test positive for BRCA gene mutation should be aware of what breasts look and feel **self-breast exams** clinic exams at 35 for at-risk monitor for infections
80
Testicular Trauma
Result from sports injuries, kicks to the groin, motor vehicle accidents, or falls and injury 85% from blunt trauma 15% from penetrating trauma 1% from degloving (skin off)
81
Scrotal hematoma
bleeding into the scrotal wall
82
Is scrotal trauma emergent?
if blood supply is compromised
83
Teaching scrotal trauma
**Sudden onset of scrotal pain, tenderness, swelling, nausea, and/or vomiting** Pain mgmt Urinary symptoms **Fever (with absence of WBCs or bacteria in urine)**

Module 4 (MedSurg 2) (36 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions