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Reproductive System > Male Reproductive system > Flashcards

Male Reproductive system Flashcards

1
Q

at what temperature does spermatogenesis occur

A

35 degrees

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2
Q

what occurs in the epididymis

A

sperm maturation

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3
Q

what occurs in the efferent ductules

A

excess fluid is lost and the sperm become more concentrated

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4
Q

where does spermatogenesis occur

A

seminiferous tubules

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5
Q

what is hydrocoele

A

when the sac surrounding the testicle fills with fluid

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6
Q

what do Sertoli cells do

A

allow for sperm formation and maturation

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7
Q

where are Sertoli cells found

A

in the seminiferous tubules

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8
Q

what do leydig cells do

A

produce testosterone

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9
Q

where are leydig cells found

A

outside the seminiferous tubules in the interstitum

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10
Q

which organelles are abundant in leading cells

A

SER and lipid droplets

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11
Q

describe the testicular arterial blood supply

A

blood supply comes from the abdominal aorta

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12
Q

describe the testicular venous drainage

A

the left side drains into the renal artery and then the IVC but the right testicular vein drains directly into the IVC

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13
Q

describe the lymphatic drainage of the testicles

A

the lymphatics drain to the para aortic nodes

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14
Q

where is the scrotal lymphatic drainage

A

in the inguinal area

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15
Q

what cancer would enlarged lymph nodes in the groin suggest

A

scrotal cancer

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16
Q

what is testicular torsion

A

twisting of the spermatic cord occluding the veins, this increases pressure, ultimately occluding the arteries

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17
Q

after how long after a testicular torsion is it likely that the testicle won’t be saved

A

12 hours

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18
Q

what is the treatment for testicular torsion

A

surgery to untwist the cord and fixation of the testes

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19
Q

true or false; the ureter passes under the vas deferens

A

true - remember water under the bridge

20
Q

what is the function of the prostrate

A
  • stops urine escaping as it surrounds the urethra

- produces an alkaline solution to neutralise the vaginas acidity

21
Q

what does the seminal vesicle do

A

produces a fructose rich solution to make up 2/3 of the volume of the secreted solution

22
Q

what part of the prostrate does BPH affect

A

transitional zone

23
Q

what are the symptoms of BPH

A

urinary problems as it compresses the urethra

24
Q

what part of the prostrate does prostrate cancers affect

A

peripheral zone

25
Q

true or false; prostrate cancers give urinary problems

A

false - as the masses don’t impinge on the urethra

26
Q

on rectal examination would you be able to feel for BPH and prostrate cancers

A

only prostrate cancers

27
Q

describe the structure of the cross section of the penis

A

pair of corpus cavernosum

corpus spongiosum surrounding the urethra

28
Q

what is vasodilation of the blood vessels in the penis initiated by

A

parasympathetic nervous system

29
Q

true or false; the sympathetic nervous system initiates an erection

A

false - it terminates one by vasoconstriction

30
Q

true or false; the sympathetic nervous system initiates ejaculation

A

true

31
Q

describe the tunica albuginea of the penis

A

there are 2 layers of collagen fibres arranged at right angles to each other

32
Q

describe the arterial blood supply to the penis

A

from the internal iliac artery to the internal pudendal artery

33
Q

what is the advantage of the pampimiform venous system

A

it allows for maximum heat transfer from the testicular artery meaning the testes can remain cool

34
Q

how would you detect a testicular cancer

A

through MRI as the testes lymph drainage goes to the para aortic nodes which can’t be palpated

35
Q

what is varicoele

A

swelling of the pampimiform venous plexus

36
Q

why does varicoele normal occur in the left testis

A

as the left venous drainage is more congested as it goes into the renal vein first

37
Q

why might varicoele occur on the right

A

due to a mass/obstruction/tumour in the IVC

38
Q

what is haematocoele

A

where vessel damage means blood accumulates in the tunica vaginalis

39
Q

what structural difference makes testicular torsion more common

A

bell clapper shaped tunica vaginalis

40
Q

list some reasons for testicular swelling

A

infection, inflammation, torsion, haematocoele, varicoele, hydrocoele, cyst

41
Q

what are the 3 nerves in the spermatic cord

A

ilioinguinal nerve, nerve to vas deferens, cremasteric nerve

42
Q

what are the 3 fascia in the spermatic cord

A

internal spermatic, cremasteric, external spermatic

43
Q

what are the 3 veins in the spermatic cord

A

vein to vas deferens, testicular vein, cremasteric vein

44
Q

what are the 3 arteries in the spermatic cord

A

artery to vas deferens, cremasteric, testicular

45
Q

what are the layers of the scrotum

A 
skin
dartos fascia
external spermatic fascia
cremasteric fascia and muscle 
internal spermatic fascia 
tunica vaginalis 
tunica aberguinea

Reproductive System (15 decks)

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