Gametogenesis Flashcards

1
Q

where do primordial germ cells migrate from

A

the wall of the yolk sac

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2
Q

where does genetic variation come from in meiosis

A
  • crossing over at chiasmata in prophase 1

- independent assortment of bivalents and chromatids in metaphase

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3
Q

where does spermatogenesis occur

A

in the spaces between Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules

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4
Q

what is spermiogenesis

A

the differentiation of the 4 spermatids into spermatozoa

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5
Q

what is spermiation

A

the release of sperm into the seminiferous tubule lumen

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6
Q

when sperm are first produced they are non-motile, so how do they move to the epididymus

A

through peristalic contractions and due to secretions of the Sertoli cells

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7
Q

what is the spermatogenic cycle

A

the time taken to reach the same stage in spermatogenesis at a particular part of the tubule

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8
Q

what is the spermatogenic wave

A

the distance between 2 areas of the seminiferous tubules which are at the same stage of spermatogenesis

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9
Q

why is sperm capacitation

A

where sperm lose the glycoproteins and cholesterol surrounding the membrane around the head

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10
Q

why does sperm capacitation occur

A

to allow the sperm to penetrate the zone pellucida

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11
Q

what is a primordial follicle

A

when the primary oocyte is surrounded in a single layer of flat cells called follicular cells

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12
Q

what are the 3 stages of development that the primordial follicle undergoes

A
  1. preantral
  2. antral
  3. preovulatory
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13
Q

what happens in the preantral development stage

A

the surrounding follicular cells change to a strafed cuboidal surrounding called granulose cells

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14
Q

what do granulose cells do

A

secrete a glycoprotein covering to produce the bona pellucida

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15
Q

what happens in the antral stage of development

A

fluid filled spaces around the granulose cells form and fuse to form the Antrum

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16
Q

what happens in the preovulatory stage of development

A

the cell finished meiosis 1 and enters meiosis 2, arresting at metaphase.

17
Q

when is meiosis completed in oogenesis

A

following fertilisation

18
Q

what hormone drive the preovulatory stage

A

LH

19
Q

wat is the corpus luteum

A

the remaining granulose and interna theca cells after the egg has left the ovary

20
Q

what does the corpus luteum secrete

A

oestrogen and progestoerone

21
Q

what happens to the corpus luteum is fertilisation doesn’t occur

A

if will die and form scar tissue (corpus albicans)

22
Q

what happens to the corpus luteum if fertilisation does occur

A

it will remain and produce progesterone