Male Reproductive System Flashcards
What are the functions of the male reproductive system?
- Production of male sex hormones
- production of testosterone
- introduction of male gametes into female reproductive organs
- production of inhibin in adult and PMDH/AMH in male embryo
Where does spermatogenesis take place?
testis
What is the testis surrounded by?
tunicae vaginalis and tunica albuginea
What is tunica vaginalis composed of?
mesothelium and connective tissue layer
T or F: tunica vaginalis has a visceral and parietal layer?
True
What is tunica albuginea made up of?
dense connective tissue composed of collagen fibers, few elastic fibers and myofibroblasts
What is spetule testis?
continuous with tunica albuinea, it separates seminiferous tubules
How large are seminiferous tubules?
60-80 cm in length
What are seminiferous tubules lined by?
spermatogenic epithelium which is then lined by lamina propria of collagen and elastic fibers
What are located between seminiferous tubules?
Leydig cells
T or F: Spermatogonia are the most immature spermatogenic cells?
True
T or F: Spermatogonia lie next to the basement membrane?
true
What are myoid cells?
located outside basement membrane of each tubule
move spermatozoa out of tubules
What is the spermatic pathway?
seminiferious tubules tubuli recti rete testis efferent ductules epididymal duct ductus deferens pelvic urethra penile urethra
Where do seminiferous tubules empty into?
testicular tubules and then into rete testis
What are sertoli cells?
tall cells that extend basement membrane to lumen of tubule
pale oval, triangular nuclei
What are the functions of sertoli cells?
support, protect, nourish spermatogenic cells
secrete testicular fluid
protect spermatids from immune system
T or F: Sertoli cells have receptors for FSH, that release androgen binding protein
true
What is anti-mullerian hormone?
hormone produced by sertoli cells that prevent formation of mullerian duct and oviduct
What is inhibin?
supresses secreation of FSH
What does the nuclei of a Leydig cell look like? Cytoplasm?
small, round and euchromatic
cytoplasm is acidophlilic
What is the function of Leydig cells?
secrete testosterone
T or F: testosterone is responsible for sex drive?
True
What is an anabolic effect? What hormone exhibit it?
stimulates growth of skeletal muscles and bones
testosterone
What vascular supply is the spermatic cord composed of?
testicular artery
testicular vein
Lymphatics
Ductus deferens
What is the rete testis lined by?
simple squamous to cuboidal epithelium
What is the epididymis duct of a testis?
one long coiled tubule
composed of the head, body, tail
What is the epididymal duct lined by?
pseudostraified columar epithelium with sterocilla
What are the main functions of the epididymal duct?
90% fluid resorption and secretion of glycerophosphocholine
What is the ductus deferens lined by?
pseudostratified columnar epithelium with stereocilla
What are muscularis ?
contractions that propel spermatozoa
What are four accessory glands?
bulbourethral glands
prostate glands
ampullary glands
vesicular glands
T or F: all accessory glands are tubuloalveloar?
True
What are vesicular glands lined by?
pseudostratified epithelum with tall columnar cells and basal cells
What is the function of vesicular glands?
produce fructose which is the source of energy for sperm cells
What is the prostate lined by?
simple cuboidal to columnar epithelium
T or F: Prostatic concretions (corpora amylacea) are seen in lumen of prostate and they increase with age
True
What is the prostate surrounded by?
fibroelastic capsule
Where do bulbourethral glands empty into?
pelvic urethra
What is corpora cavernosa?
paired masses of erectile tissue in penis
What is corpus spongiosum?
single mass of erectile tissues that surrounds the urethra
What are the three portions of the male urethra?
prostatic, pelvic and penile
