Blood and Hematopoiesis

Question 1

What is BRU-E?

Answer 1

burst-forming unit, erythroid

precursor

Question 2

What is whole blood and what are its functions?

Answer 2

specialized connective tissue
transport water, solutes and formed elements
temperature regulation
water balance

Question 3

What is whole blood comprised of?

Answer 3

60% plasma

40% formed elements

Question 4

What is plasma made up of?

Answer 4

90% water
8& proteins
2% other solutes

Question 5

What are the two plasma proteins?

Answer 5

albumin and globulins

Question 6

What are plasma electrolytes?

Answer 6

sodium, chloride and potassium

Question 7

Whats the difference between plasma and serum?

Answer 7

• plasma found in vasculture, serum in coagulation proteins

- plasma blood does not clot in seperaters, serum is allowed

Question 8

What are formed elements?

Answer 8

erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets

Question 9

T or F: CBC varies in numbers and morphology in relation to disease processes in patients

Answer 9

True

Question 10

What is the most numerous formed element in the blood?

Answer 10

RBC

Question 11

T or F: RBC size varies in species?

Answer 11

True

Question 12

How many days does a RBC survive in a dog?

Answer 12

110 days

Question 13

How many days does a RBC survive in a horse?

Answer 13

160 days

Question 14

How many days does a RBC survive in a feline?

Answer 14

70 days

Question 15

How many days does a RBC survive in a bovine?

Answer 15

145 days

Question 16

What shape are goat RBC?

Answer 16

spherical and irregular

Question 17

What shape are camel RBC?

Answer 17

flat, thin

Question 18

T or F: birds have nucleated RBCS, WBC and thrombocytes?

Answer 18

True

Question 19

What are polychromatophils?

Answer 19

RBC’s that are 1 stage back in development
larger than mature RBC, smaller than neutrophil
lavender to purple color

Question 20

T or F: finding a nucleated RBC is abnormal?

Answer 20

True

diseases affecting RBC formation

Question 21

What is the least numerous formed element in the blood?

Answer 21

leukocytes

Question 22

What is the function of leukocytes?

Answer 22

inflammation and immune response

Question 23

What are the two major categories of leukocytes?

Answer 23

myeloid (neutrophils, basophils, etc.)

lymphoid ( lymphocytes)

Question 24

What are the most numerous WBC’s?

Answer 24

neutrophils

Question 25

What is the function of neutrophils?

Answer 25

innate immunity | phagocytic and killing cells

Question 26

How can you identify hetrophils on a slide?

Answer 26

dynamic, dense granules

Question 27

What is a band neutrophil?

Answer 27

rare bands found in blood smears | one stage less mature than segmented neutrophil

Question 28

T or F: monocytes differentiate in macrophages in tissue?

Answer 28

True

Question 29

What are the functions of monocytes?

Answer 29

phagocytosis iron storage and recycling antigen presentation to T-lymphocytes

Question 30

What is the mononuclear phagocytic system comprised of?

Answer 30

circulating monocytes | tissue macrophages

Question 31

T or F: monocytes vary in morphology?

Answer 31

True

Question 32

T or FL monocytes are the largest cells on blood smears typically?

Answer 32

True

Question 33

T or F: Monocyte cytoplasms are frequently vacuolated ?

Answer 33

True

Question 34

T or F: it is normal to have low numbers of eosinophils in blood?

Answer 34

True

Question 35

What is the function of eosinophils?

Answer 35

modulate delayed and immediate type hypersensitivity reactions commonly associated with mast cells

Question 36

T or F: eosinophils defend against helminthic parasites?

Answer 36

True

Question 37

What does an eosinophil look like on morphology?

Answer 37

bright reddish-orange eosinophillic granules purple nucleus

Question 38

What is the least numerous WBC in blood?

Answer 38

basophils

Question 39

T or F: Heartworm disease is associated with basophils?

Answer 39

True

Question 40

What is the morphology of a basophil?

Answer 40

lavender granules

Question 41

What is the second most numerous cell population in the blood?

Answer 41

lymphocytes

Question 42

What is the function of lymphocytes?

Answer 42

humoral immunity: b-cells and plasma cells | cell mediated immunity: T cells

Question 43

What are subpopulations of lymphocytes?

Answer 43

small large granular reactive plasma cells

Question 44

T or F: large granular lymphocytes are found in low numbers in sick animals?

Answer 44

False, HEALTHY animals

Question 45

What is the second most numerous formed element in the blood?

Answer 45

platelets | thrombocytes

Question 46

What are the functions of platelets?

Answer 46

clotting | primary inflammatory response

Question 47

What are the two types of bone marrow?

Answer 47

red marrow and yellow marrow

Question 48

What are the components of bone marrow?

Answer 48

sinusoids stromal cells stem cells and precursor cells macrophages

Question 49

What is stoma of bone marrow?

Answer 49

connective tissue framework composed of reticular cells& fibers and mesenchymal cells support structure of bone marrow

Question 50

What are the cells of bone marrow?

Answer 50

hematopoietic stem cells

Question 51

What is hematopoiesis?

Answer 51

process of formed elements

Question 52

What is the process of RBC formation?

Answer 52

``` Rubriblast Prorubicyte Rubricyte Metarubricyte Polychromatophllic RBC Mature RBC ```

Question 53

What is the process of neutrophil formation?

Answer 53

``` Myeloblast Promyelocyte Myelocyte Metamyelocyte Band neutrophil Segmented neutrophil ```