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HISTO Block 4 > Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

Male Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

what does the male reproductive system consist of

A
  • testes
  • penis
  • scrotum
  • genital ducts
  • accessory glands
  • penis
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2
Q

what functions to produce spermatozoa ( sperm) and makes the hormone called testosterone

A

testes

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3
Q

paired seminal vesicles and the one prostate glands are known as what kind of glands?

A

major accessory glands

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4
Q

what are the minor accessory glands?

A

the 2 bulbourethral glands

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5
Q

where are the 2 bulbourethral glands located?

A

at the roof of the penis

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6
Q

what glands function to manufacture the fluid portion of the semen

A

the accessory glands

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7
Q

what is known to transport the spermatozoa and nourish it as it passes through the excretory ducts

A

the fluid portion of the seaman that is made by the accessory ducts

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8
Q

the ejaculatory duct is a combination of what

A

ductus deference and the seminal vesicle

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9
Q

what is another word for foreskin?

A

prepuce

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10
Q

how long is the test

A

4-5cm long

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11
Q

where do the testes develop in the abdominal cavity before descending into the scrotum

A

retroperitneally

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12
Q

what partially covers the testes on their anterior and lateral surfaces?

A

(tunica vaginalis)

visceral and parietal layers of the peritoneum

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13
Q

where are the seminiferous tubules located

A

in the testis

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14
Q

what is the vascular layer that is directly under the tunica albuginea of the testis

A

the tunica vasculosa

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15
Q

what is the thick fibrous CT capsule of the testis

A

tunica albuginea

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16
Q

where is the tunica albuginea thickend?

A

posteriorly

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17
Q

why is the tunica albuginea thickened posteriorly

A

because CT septa arises from here to divide the testis into 250 compartments “lobules (lobuli testies)”

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18
Q

what are the pyramid shaped copartments that are incomplete that intercommunicate?

A

lobule testis

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19
Q

how many seminiferous tubules does each lobule testi have

A

1-4

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20
Q

what are the seminiferous tubules embedded in

A

loose connective tissue that has nerves, vessels, and scattered Leydig cells ( this is in the lobule testis in the testie)

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21
Q

where are the leydig cells located

A

in the interstitial spaces between the seminiferous tubules

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22
Q

what cells mature and begin to secrete during puberty and are richly supplied by cappillaries and lymph vessels

A

Leydig Cells

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23
Q

what are the shape of Leydig cells

A

round and polyganoal

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24
Q

what have alot of mitochondria, well developed golgi apparatus and SER and lipid droplets

A

leydig cells

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25
Q

what are the endocrine cells that make the male sex hormone testosterone

A

Leydig cells

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26
Q

what stimulates leydig cells to make testosterone

A

luteinizing hormone from the pituitary gland

27
Q

where are spermatozoa produced?

A

seminiferous tubules

28
Q

how long are the seminiferous tubules

A

30-70 cm long

29
Q

what is the epithelium of the seminiferous tubules

A

stratified epithelium

30
Q

what do the seminiferous tubules become continuos with

A

tubuli recti ( rete teste)

31
Q

what kind of cells cover the seminiferous tubule

A

myoid cells

32
Q

what are the two cells inside the seminiferous tubules

A

spermatogenic cells ( spermatocytes and spermatids) and Sertoli cells

33
Q

what is the immature sex cell that is formed by a spermatocyte

A

spermatid

34
Q

what has a narrow lumen and cuboidal epithelium?

A

tubili recti

35
Q

what is the network of epihtelal lined channels that are located in the mediastinum

A

rete testis

36
Q

what leads into the rete testis

A

tubuli recti

37
Q

what goes from the rete testis to the epididymis

A

efferent ductules

38
Q

how many layers is the seminiferous epithelium

A

4-8 layers

39
Q

what are columnar and really complex in shape

A

sertoli cells

40
Q

where do the sertoli cells extend to

A

from the basal lamina to the lumen

41
Q

what contains a SER and some RER and a lot of mitochondria and lysosomes with an extensive golgi apapartus

A

sertoli cells

42
Q

what refers to the division of the spermatogonia to provide and continuous supply of cells that will eventually become primary spermatocyte

A

spermatocytogenesis

43
Q

what are the 2 divisions that reduce the chromosome number from diploid to haploid and makes spermatids?

A

meiosis

44
Q

what is it called when there is a transformation of spermatids to form spermatozoa

A

spermiogenesis

45
Q

wat is the nucleus of the sertoli cell like

A

pale, oval, and has indentations ( large nucleoulus)

46
Q

what junctions do sertoli cells form with each other

A

occluding junctions

47
Q

the occluding junctions of the sertoli cells forms what in the seminiferous tubule

A

divides its lumen into basal and adluminal compartment

48
Q

in side of the seminiferous tubule the spermatids are closer to the lumen or the basal layer?

A

the lumen

49
Q

where are spermatogonium located in the seminiferous tubule

A

at the basal layer,

they are the ones actually becoming the sperm

50
Q

what is the shape of a sertoli cell?

A

columnar

51
Q

what is actually pointing into the lumen of the seminiferous tubule?

A

the tails of the sperm

52
Q

what are the cells that are the outer layer of the seminiferous tubules and they are the next cells close to the interstitial cells

A

myoid cells

53
Q

what is the order of sperm cells from the bottom of the seminiferous tubules to the lumen?

A
  • spermatogonium
  • primary spermatocyte
  • secondary spermatocyte
  • early spermatide
54
Q

what contains well developed SER, some RER and extensive Golgi Apparatus

A

Sertoli Cells

55
Q

what are the 3 things that spermatogenesis consist of

A
  • spermatocytogenesis
  • meiosis
  • spermiogenesis
56
Q

what is it called when there is division of spermatogonia that will provide a continuous supply of cells that will become primary spermatocytes

A

spermatocytogenesis

57
Q

what is it calle when there are 2 divisions that reduce the chromosome number from diploid to haploid and make spermatids?

A

meiosis

58
Q

what is it specifically called when the spermatid is transformed into spermatozoa?

A

spermiogenesis

59
Q

what cells support and protect the spermatozao

A

sertoli cells

60
Q

what do sertoli cells do to excess cytoplasm that i discarded by spermatids

A

phagocyte them

61
Q

where does the sertoli cells secrete fluid into to help transport spermatozoa to the genital duct

A

seminiferous tubules

62
Q

what makes sertoli cells synthesize androgen binding protein (ABP)

A

FSH

63
Q

what binds to testoseterone and concentrates it to permit sperm maturation

A

ABP

64
Q

what is the hormone that inhibits synthesis and release of FSH from anterior pituitary

A

Inhibin ( secreted by sertoli cells)

HISTO Block 4 (9 decks)

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