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Reproductive Systems > Male Reproductive Anatomy And Histology > Flashcards

Male Reproductive Anatomy And Histology Flashcards

1
Q

The layers of the scrotum are easily distinguishable on dissection. T/F?

A

False

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2
Q

What are the layers of the scrotum?

A 
Skin
Dartos fascia
Dartos muscle
External spermatic fascia
Cremaster muscle
Cremasteric fascia
Internal spermatic fascia
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3
Q

Which smooth muscle can cause wrinkling of the scrotal skin?

A

Dartos muscle

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4
Q

Which muscle runs in The spermatic cord?

A

Cremaster muscle

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5
Q

Why are the testes extra abdominal?

A

In order to reduce the temperature of the testes as spermatozoa are extremely sensitive to temperature

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6
Q

The testes are suspended at different levels. T/F?

A

True

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7
Q

The tunica vaginalis is a closed sac of peritoneum in the testes. It has a visceral and parietal layer with peritoneal fluid in between. What is the significance of this?

A

Excess fluid here can cause a hydrocele

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8
Q

What type of epithelium lines the epididymus?

A

Ciliated psuedostratified columnar epithelium

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9
Q

What structure do the seminiferous tubules of the testes feed into?

A

Straight tubules

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10
Q

What structure do the straight tubules of the testes feed into?

A

Rete testis

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11
Q

What structure do the rete testis of the testes feed into?

A

Epididymis

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12
Q

What is the blood supply and drainage to the testes?

A

The testicular artery which runs into the pampniform plexus and drains via the testicular vein to the IVC on the right and the left renal vein on the left

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13
Q

Which lymph nodes do the testes and scrotum drain to?

A

Testes drain to para aortic nodes at the level of the renal vessels
Scrotum drain ps to inguinal nodes

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14
Q

What is the ductus deferens?

A

A thick walled smooth muscle tube which transports spermatozoa from the testes to the beginning of the urethra

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15
Q

How long is the ductus deferens?

A

45cm

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16
Q

What are the names of the outpouches of the ductus deferens?

A

Seminal vesicles

17
Q

What is the function of the seminal vesicles?

A

Secrete alkaline viscous fluid which helps to neutralise acid in female tract and contains fructose for sperm ATP production and prostaglandins to aid sperm motility and viability

18
Q

What is the function of the prostate?

A

The prostate secretes a slightly acidic fluid containing citrate which is used by sperm for ATP production and acid phosphatase and proteolytic enzymes to liquify coagulated sperm

19
Q

What are the bulbourethral glands?

A

Pea sized glands which open into the spongy urethra and produce a mucous like secretion

20
Q

What is the name of the fibrous capsule which surrounds the testes and projects into the testes to form septa which separate the testes into lobules?

A

Tunica albuginea

21
Q

How many lobules are there in each testes?

A

200-300

22
Q

Other than the ductus deferens, what structures run in the spermatic cord?

A

Testicular artery, veins, nerves, lymphatics

23
Q

What is the approximate diameter of the prostate?

A

3cm

24
Q

How long is the male urethra?

A

18-20cm

25
Q

What are the parts of the male urethra?

A

Pre-prostatic
Prostatic
Membranous
Spongy

26
Q

What is the approximate diameter of the bulbourethral glands?

A

1cm

27
Q

The penis is supply by three arteries which are all branches of the internal pudendal artery. What is the name of these three arteries?

A

Artery to the bulb of the penis
Deep artery of the penis
Dorsal artery of the penis

28
Q

Which arteries supply the scrotum?

A

Superficial and deep external pudendal arteries and branches of the internal pudendal arteries

29
Q

Where do the testicular arteries and the vesicle artery (which supplies the ductus deferens) drain to?

A

Pampniform plexus

30
Q

What shape are the nuclei of Sertoli cells?

A

Triangular or oval

31
Q

What are the functions of Sertoli cells?

A

Form the blood-testis barrier
Support and protect spermatogenic cells
Mediate the effects of testosterone and FSH
Secrete inhibin to regulate spermatogenesis

32
Q

Where in the testes do leydig cells exist?

A

In the interstitial between the tubules

33
Q

What are the three muscle layers of the ductus deferens?

A

Inner longitudinal muscle
Middle circular muscle
Outer longitudinal muscle

34
Q

What type of epithelium lines the ductus deferens?

A

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with stereo cilia

35
Q

What are the names of the two areas of erectile tissue in the penis?

A

Corpus cavernosa

36
Q

What is the name of the structure in the penis in which the urethra is situated?

A

Corpus spongiosum

37
Q

How does the epithelium of the male urethra change as you move from the prostatic urethra to spongy urethra?

A

initially urothelium then pseudostratified columnar epithelium then stratified squamous epithelium

Reproductive Systems (10 decks)

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