Male reproductive Flashcards
What is Hypospadius
Epispadius?
Urethra on ventral side of the penis
Urethra on dorsal side of the penis
What causes hypospadias
congenital abnormality that is androgen mediated
Urethra does not close appropriately
What happens during urination with hypospadias
Spraying of stream out the side of the penis
Wil have increased bed wetting / incomplete voiding
What are some effects of epispadias
incontinence, reflux, UTI
Severe cases can lead to bladder exstrophy
What is phimosis
inability to retract foreskin
What is paraphimosis
What can it lead to
Urologic emergency
Entrapment of the foreskin in the retracted position
Necrosis on the glans
How will someone with paraphimosis present
Painful and edematous prepuce
flaccid shaft
What can occur with phimosis
a fibrous scar tissue ring from the foreskin not retracting over the glans
What can cause phimosis
What may increase the risk of development
Skin conditions or blantitis leading to scaring and possible urinary obstruction
smegma buildup
Where in the body does the stimulus for an erection begin
hypothalamus
What physiologically occurs for an erection to form
Ach acts directly on the vasculature to increase NO = vasodilation and the erectile tissue will fill with blood
When does detumescence occur
when there is loss of NO
What is erectile dysfunction
inability of a man to maintain an erection sufficient for satisfying sexual activity
What are some underlying causes of ED
Issues with NO (DM/atherosclerosis)
Decreased testosterone
Neurologic
Endocrine dysfunction
psychological
medication SE
What is Peyronies disease
What does it cause
What disease is it associated with
Fibrous deposition within the tunica albuginea (dorsal aspect of penis)
Curved erection (15-20˚)
Dupuytren contracture