Acid-base balance Flashcards
Why is pH balance important
What is the relationship between pH and H+
maintain integrity of cells and enzymatic function
Inverse relationships
What system is involved with fast pH equilization
What are they in charge of
Lungs
*breathing rapidly
CO2
What system is responsible for slow pH equilibrium
What are they in control of
Kidneys
Bicarb
What is responsible for buffering fixed acid in the body
bicarb
What is responsible for buffering CO2
Carbonic acid
*breathe it off
Breakdown of what produces CO2 in the body
metabolism of carbs and fat
20x more soluble than O2
What is the CO2 responsible for triggering
central chemoreceptors to keep you breathing
Where is bicarb made
kidneys
every HCO3 made in the kidneys = 1 H+ eliminated in the urine
What is the normal bicarb value
normal CO2 value?
22-26mEq/L
35-45mmHg
What will occur in the body with alkalosis
leads to excitability
vtach
SVT
hypokalemia
What is occuring in the body with acidosis
decreased CO
vasodilation
hyperkalemic
increased ectopic rhythms
What pH abnormalities are seen in the respiratory system with acidosis
on CNS?
Tachypnea
right shift
can drop CO2 to about 10 at lowest point
AMS, lethargic, decreased neurotrasnmitter release
What are the pH abnormalities of the respiratory system system with alkalosis
CNS?
low respiratory rate
left shift
siezures, tetany, increase action potential
What is the one intracellular buffer
What is it a good buffer for
hemoglobin
low O2 state *venous state
forms weak acid
What is the ionic shift
if H+ increases = acidemia… what happens to K+
H+ is exchanged for K+ across cellular membranes
hyperkalemia
