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CABS GU > male reproductive > Flashcards

male reproductive Flashcards

1
Q

What muscles make up the perineum

A

bulbospongiosus
ischiocavernosus

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2
Q

What is the job of the ischiocavernosus

A

helps maintain erection and compresses venous flow

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3
Q

What does the bulbospongiosus do

What innervates it

A

lateral aspect of the bulb of the penis and proximal body
-supports pelvic floor
-helps expel all the semen
-pushes blood from the bulb into the body of the penis

pudendal

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4
Q

What are the three aspects of the penis

A

root
body
glands

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5
Q

What are the three parts of the penile root

What does the central part do

A

crus laterally
bulb centerally

encases the urethra & external urethral sphincter

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6
Q

what attaches the body of the penis to the symphysis pubus

A

suspensory ligaments

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7
Q

What is contained within the prepuce

A

Glans

contains external orifice

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8
Q

What is the main vasculature that feeds the penis

What branch is responsible for helping with erection

A

Pudendal

Deep arteria

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9
Q

What is centrally on the external aspect of the scrotum

A

Raphe

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10
Q

What muscles make up the scrotum

A

cremaster muscle
Dartos muscle

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11
Q

What does the cremaster muscle do in the scrotum

A

pulls testes upwards

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12
Q

When do the testes descend

What covers them

A

3 months before birth through the inguinal cancal

tunica vaginalis

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13
Q

What does the spermatocord contain

A

testicular blood supply, connective tissue, vas defrens

suspended by the spermatic cord

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14
Q

what is the inner covering of the testes

A

Tunica albuginea

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15
Q

What temperature is required for spermatogenesis

What adjusts it

A

2-7 degrees C below body temp

Cremasteric and dartos muscle

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16
Q

What is the venous vascular attachment for the testes

A

pampiniform plexus

17
Q

What does the epididymis do

A

helps w/ continued sperm maturation
obtain nutrients
obtain testosterone

18
Q

Where is sperm stored

A

epididymal tail

19
Q

What does the vas defrens do

A

helps create seminal fluid
ejaculatory duct
can peristals sperm toward the urethra

20
Q

What is contained within the inguinal canal in males

A

spermatic cord
gonadal vessels
lymphatics

21
Q

What cells are responsible for creating testosterone

What stimulates it

A

Leydig cells

LH

22
Q

What cells create spermatagonium

What stimulates it

diploid or haploid

A

Sertoli cells

FSH

diploid

23
Q

What are the different sections of spermatazoa and what is contained in each

A

Head: contains nucleus w/ DNA and acrosome to assist with fertilization
Mid piece: Large amounts of mitochondria
Tail: Flagella composed of filaments

24
Q

Where are the seminal vesicles located

What do they do

A

posterior to the bladder and above the prostate

seminla fluid

25
Q

What does the seminal fluid do

A
  • majority of semen volume
  • has fructose for sperm metabolism
  • prostaglandins to help with harsh vaginal environment
  • alkalizes fluid to protect from vagina
26
Q

How big is the prostate

Where is it located

A

size of a walnut

surrounds urethra

27
Q

What does the prostate do during ejaculation

A

Contracts and compresses the urethra so the male does not pee while ejaculating

28
Q

What hormone regulates prostate function

What does it do to sperm

A

Androgens

alkalizes semen further & fibrinolysin to increase sperm motility

29
Q

What is the job of the bulbourethral glands

A

secrete mucus near the base of the penis

30
Q

What is the pH of semen

amount of semen in normal ejaculation

How many sperm are in each ejaculation

A

7.5

2-6mL

75-400 million sperm

31
Q

How long do sperm live after ejaculation

A

24-48 hours at body temp

32
Q

Where is sperm created

Where is it stored

A

seminiferous vesicles

epididymis

33
Q

What nervous system is involved with erections

What spinal cord level causes an erection

A

parasympathetic

pelvic nerve S2-S4

34
Q

How does an erection happen

A

Ach acts directly on vasculare to increase NO = vasodilation of hecline arteries = erectile tissue fills with blood and venous drainage will be compressed

35
Q

What is detumescence

A

When a man goes from having an erection to a flaccid penis

36
Q

What part of the nervous system is in control of ejaculation

A

sympathetic
T4-L2 innervation

cerebral cortex will inhibit parasympathetic response

37
Q

How does ejaculation occur

A

NE release at the epididymis = contraction = sperm pushed down vas defrens and joins the seminal fluid through prostatic urethra

38
Q

Embryonically, what ducts occur in males

What is the gene that determines male gender

A

Wolffian ducts

SRY - comes from dad

CABS GU (7 decks)

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