Male Reproduction Flashcards
Name places on male reproduction system
Urinary bladder Pubic bone Urethra Penis Scrotum Testis Epidermis Bulbourethral gland Anus Prostate gland Rectum Ejacualtory duct Seminal vesicles Deferent duct
What is structure of testis ? (5)
- paired organ, egg shaped
- hangs inside scrotum
- protected by capsule
- contain seminiferous tubules where sperm produced
- testosterone made in testes
Where do interstitial cells lie? (2)
Between tubules
Made when testosterone present
What is spermatogenesis? (4)
The process where stem cells undergo cell division to provide sperm cells.
Occurs within seminiferous tubules ( begins outside then towards lumen )
Aided by nurse cells
Stimulated by testosterone
What is temperature regulation ? (3)
Normal temp for sperm development = 1 to 2 degrees Celsius lower than body temperature (37)
Remaster Muscles contract to move testes towards body for heat
Remaster Muscles relax to move testes away from body to cool down
How does testes decent? (2)
Development in abdomen and descend into scrotum through inguinal canal before birth.
Problem - undescended testes (cryptorchidism) = infertility and testicular cancer
What are 2 more disorders of testes and scrotum (2)
Hydrocele : excessive fluid surrounding testes
Torsion of testis : results in compression of arteries and veins
Anatomy of sperm cell (3)
Head contains nucleus in acrosomal cap
Body contains mitochondria
Tail propels sperm forward
What is the epididymis? (3)
The start of the male reproductive tract
Is a coiled tube which is comma shaped
Function: stores and protects sperm and aids maturation
What are the exit routes of sperm? (3)
Hollow tubules;
1) deferent duct: long muscular passage
2) ejaculatory duct- short passage way to urethra
3) urethra - shared passage with urea and semen
What are secretions added to fluid ?? (3)
Mixture of alkaline secretions from:
1) seminal vesicles ( nutrients for energy )
2) prostate gland ( antibiotic properties )
3) bulbourethral glands (secrete mucous )
How much sperm does 2-5ml or semen contain ?
2
Contains 20-100 million speed / ml of sperm
Infertile if less that 15 million/ml
What is Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy ? (2)
Enlargement of prostate
In older people- problems with urine flow
What is male birth control called?
Vasectomy
What is testosterone purpose ?? (5)
1) stimulates spermatogenesis
2) affects CNS function - sexual drive and behaviours
3) stimulates metabolism
4) establishes male secondary sex characteristics - facial hair, increased muscle mass and body size
5) maintains accessory glands and organs of male reproductive tract
