Male reproduction

Question 1

Testis

Answer 1

Sperm production
Descent by gubernaculum
Reside in the scrotum

Question 2

Spermatic cord

Answer 2

testicular arteries
pampiniform venous plexus
lymphatics
vas deferens & autonomic supply
Genital branch of genitofemoral n.

Question 3

Gubernaculum

Answer 3

shortens thereby pulling the testis into scrotum

Question 4

Superficial Facia -> testes

Answer 4

Dartos muscle

Shrivels scrotum when cold

Question 5

External oblique -> testes

Answer 5

External Spermatic fascia

Question 6

Internal oblique -> testes

Answer 6

Cremaster muscle

raises testicle

Question 7

Transversalis Fascia -> testes

Answer 7

Internal Spermatic fascia

Question 8

Peritoneum -> testes

Answer 8

Tunical Vanginalis

pulled into scrotum

Question 9

Inguinal hernia

Answer 9

intestines into tunica vaginalis

Question 10

Vas deferens

Answer 10

within spermatic cord

connects testes with the seminal vesicles & ejaculatory ducts

Question 11

Prostate gland

Answer 11

contains urethra and ejaculatory duct

chestsized organ

Question 12

Bulbourethral glands

Answer 12

lubricates urethra during excitement

neutralizes acidity

Question 13

Digital rectal exam

Answer 13

prostate easily accessible through anus
palpate shape and size
Screening important for early detection of cancer

Question 14

Male urethra

Answer 14

passage for urine and semen
external urethral orifice (meatus) is exit from the glans penis
Ejaculatory duct drains into the prostatic urethra

Question 15

Penile neurovasculature

Answer 15

dorsal nerve
deep dorsal vein
dorsal artery
deep artery 
helicine artery

Question 16

pudendal nerve

Answer 16

to dorsal nerve of penis

Question 17

internal pudendal artery

Answer 17

to deep artery of penis

dorsal artery of penis

Question 18

Spermatogenesis

Answer 18

within seminiferous tubule
produces male gametes
mitosis and meiosis

Question 19

Spermiogenesis

Answer 19

Streamlining process
matures sperm
forms a tail

Question 20

Enter Meiosis 1

Answer 20

primary spermatocyte

Question 21

End meiosis 1

Answer 21

secondary spermatocyte

Question 22

meiosis 2 completed

Answer 22

spermatids

Question 23

Sperm

Answer 23

Head
- Acrosome
- Nucleus
Midpiece 
- mitochondria
Tail
- flagellum

Question 24

GnRH

Answer 24

GnRH increase LH & FSH

Question 25

FSH

Answer 25

stimulate sertoli cells -> stimulate spermatognia

Question 26

LH

Answer 26

stimulate leydig cells -> testosterone

Question 27

Semen

Answer 27

``` testes 5% - sperm seminal vesicles 45~80% - fructos - prostaglandins prostate 15~35% - citric acid - enzymes and protease bulbourethral glands 2~5% - mucoid substance ```

Question 28

Erection neural control

Answer 28

PSNS efferentes S2-4

Question 29

Ejaculation neural control

Answer 29

SNS efferents T12-L2 Somatic efferents S2-4 PSNS efferents S2-4

Question 30

Viagra

Answer 30

inhibits PDE5 PDE5 inhibits cGMP for cavernous artery inhibition of PDE5 uninhibits cGMP for vasodiation of cavernous artery

Question 31

Penile prosthesis

Answer 31

saline filled reservoir hand pump in scrotum cylinders in place of corpus cavernosa

Question 32

seminal emission

Answer 32

``` dorsal nerve (pudendal S2-4) receives afferent stimulation Lumbar SNS + Sacral PSNS smooth muscle contraction of prostate, seminal muscles and vas deferens transports semen into the proximal urethra ```

Question 33

Expulsion

Answer 33

semen in proximal urethra dorsal n of penis Lumbar SNS - internal urethral sphincter contracts Involuntary rhythmic contraction of the ischiocavernous, bulbosponginous and other perineal muscles

Question 34

internal urethral sphincter

Answer 34

1. semen enteres prostatic urethra 2. internal urethral sphincter contracts 3. forward flow ejaculation 4. internal urethral sphincter is paralyzed 5. backwards flow ejaculation