Male Reproduction

Question 1

Endocrine Regulation of Testis Functions

Answer 1

Question 1

Capacitation

Answer 1

Occurs in female repro tract

Loss of membrane proteins & glycopeoteins

Membrane receptors exposed

Hyperactivation of tail (motility)

Changes in intracellular Ca++

Question 2

Breeding-Induced Endometritis

Answer 2

Spermatozoa induce inflammation & influx of PMNs into uterine lumen

Normal reaction in order to clear uterus from excess spermatozoa & contaminants

Question 2

Effect of Cryopreservation on Semen

Answer 2

Interferes w/ sperm’s ability to bind to oviduct

Seminal plasma removed during processing

Question 3

Epididymies

Answer 3

sperm maturation & transport

Question 4

Epididymal Sperm

Answer 4

Surface proteins & carbohydrates

Question 5

Ejaculated sperm

Answer 5

Surface proteins, carbohydrates and seminal plasma proteins

Question 5

Accessory sex glands

Answer 5

production of seminal plasma

• Seminal vesicles
• Ampulla
• Cowpers/Bobourethral gland
• Prostate (all male animals have these)

(not all species have all these glands)

Question 6

Penis

Answer 6

copulatory organ & semen deposition

Question 7

Thermoregulation of Testes

Answer 7

1. Pampiniform plexus
2. Cremaster muscle (raises/lowers testes from body)
3. Tunica dartos

Question 9

Spermatogenesis

Answer 9

Formation of spermatozoa from spermatogonia

Spermatocytogenesis + meiosis + spermiogenesis

Question 9

Acrosome Reaction

Answer 9

Fusion of sperm plasma membrane w/ outer acrosomal membrane (OAM)

Question 11

Sperm Transport

Answer 11

Sperm motility

Uterine contractility (stimulated by hormones in seminal fluid & oxytocin)

Oviductal contractility

Ciliary activity (in female tract)

Question 13

Spermiogenesis

Answer 13

Morphologic transformation of spherical spermatids into spermatozoa

Question 14

Sperm Tail Organization

Answer 14

9 pairs of microtubules surround 2 central ones & connect to surrounding dense fibers

Forms core of flagellum

Question 15

Spermatocytogenesis

Answer 15

Mitotic divisions involving proliferation & maintenance of spermatogonia

Question 16

Vas deferens

Answer 16

sperm transport

Question 17

Spermatozoan Head Layers

Answer 17

Plasma membrane

Outer acrosomeal membrane (OAM)

Inner acrosomeal membrane (IAM)

Nuclear membrane

Question 18

Sperm Storage/Reservoir

Answer 18

Cervix, endometrial folds, caudal oviductal isthmus

Question 19

Pampiniform Plexus

Answer 19

Network of small veins (33%), veins & arteries (33%), and arteries (33%) in spermatic cord

Responsible for thermoregulation

Question 20

Testes

Answer 20

gametes & hormones

Question 21

Spermatogenic Wave

Answer 21

Distribution of stages of sperm development along length of seminiferous tubule

Question 22

Pelvic Urethra

Answer 22

semen transport

Question 24

Retrograde Loss of Spermatozoa

Answer 24

Oxytocin

PGF2alpha

Ascending & descending contractions

Relaxed cervix

Question 25

Layers of testis

Answer 25

1. visceral tunica vaginalis (superficial)
2. tunica albuginea
3. Seminiferous tubules
4. Mediastinum testis (hilum of testis) (deep) - efferent ductules & rete testis