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Year 2 Revision > Male Repro > Flashcards

Male Repro Flashcards

1
Q

What features would indicate poor semen quality?

A

Low sperm numbers
Low sperm concentration
Immotile sperm
Abnormal sperm morphology

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2
Q

What is the arterial supply of the penis?

A

Dorsal arteries of the penis, deep arteries of the penis, bulbourethral arteries
These are all branches of the internal pudendal artery which comes from the internal iliac artery.

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3
Q

What is the venous drainage of the penis?

A

Deep dorsal vein of the penis- empties cavernosum space

Superficial dorsal veins of the penis- superficial structures

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4
Q

What is the function of the corpus cavernosum?

A

Becomes engorged with blood during erection

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5
Q

What is the function of the corpus spongiosum?

A

Prevents urethra closing during erection

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6
Q

What are the layers of the scrotum and testes from outside to inside?

A 
Skin 
Dartos muscle and fascia 
External spermatic fascia 
Cremasteric muscle and fascia 
Internal spermatic fascia 
Tunica vaginalis - visceral and parietal 
Tunica albuginea
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7
Q

What cells in the testes does LH act upon? What hormone does it cause them to secrete?

A

Leydig cells

Testosterone

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8
Q

What cells in the testes does FSH act upon? What hormones does it cause them to secrete?

A

Sertoli cells
AMH
Inhibin
Androgen binding protein

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9
Q

What are the contents of the spermatic cord?

A 
Pampiniform plexus 
Ductus deferens 
Cremasteric artery 
Testicular artery 
Artery of ductus deferens 
Genital branch on genitofemoral nerve 
Sympathetic nerve fibres 
Lymphatic vessels 
Processus vaginalis
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10
Q

What are the names and lengths of the different parts of the male urethra?

A

Prostatic - 2-3cm
Membranous - 1-2cm
Spongy - 15-16cm

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11
Q

What are the different types of epithelium present in prostatic, membranous and spongy urethras?

A

Prostatic- transitional
Membranous- pseudostratified columnar
Spongy- pseudostratified columnar and stratified squamous closer to the penis

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12
Q

What is the arterial supply of the scrotum?

A

Pudendal branches of the femoral artery

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13
Q

What is the arterial supply of the testis?

A

Testicular artery (branch of the abdominal aorta)

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14
Q

What is the venous drainage of the testis and scrotum?

A

Pampiniform plexus of veins, right to IVC, left to left renal vein

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15
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the penis?

A

Inguinal and internal iliac nodes

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16
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the testes?

A

Para-aortic nodes

17
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the scrotum?

A

Superficial inguinal nodes

18
Q

What makes up the walls of the inguinal canal?

A

Upper wall -
internal oblique muscle
Transverse abdominus muscle

Anterior wall -
Aponeurosis of external oblique
Aponeurosis of internal oblique

Lower wall -
Inguinal ligament
Lacunar ligament

Posterior wall -
Transversalis fascia
Conjoint tendon

19
Q

What type of epithelium is present in the ductus deferens?

A

Pseudostratified columnar with stereocilia

20
Q

What what does the prostrate gland secrete?

A

Acid phosphatase and proteolytic enzymes which liquify coagulated sperm
Slightly acidic fluid - contains citrate

21
Q

What do the bulbourethral glands produce?

A

Mucus like pre-ejaculatory fluid

22
Q

What do the seminal vesicles produce?

A

Alkaline fluid containing prostaglandins and fructose

23
Q

How long does spermatogenesis take?

A

64 days

24
Q

What is the order of the tubules in the testis leading up to the vas deferens?

A 
Seminiferous tubules 
Straight tubules 
Rete testes 
Efferent ductules
Vas deferens
25
Q

How many lobules are in the testis? How many seminiferous tubules are contained in each lobule?

A

30-50 lobules

1-4 tubules

26
Q

What is capacitation?

A

When the sperm cell increases in motility and fertilisation ability whilst in the female tract. Uterine secretions aid this process.

27
Q

What two layers surrounding the oocyte must the sperm cell penetrate to fertilise the egg?

A

The outer corona radiata and the inner zona pellucida

28
Q

How long can sperm cells remain fertile for in the female tract?

A

48 hours

29
Q

What is the name of the enzyme on the zona pellucida that sperm bind to, triggering the acrosome reaction?

A

ZP3

Year 2 Revision (15 decks)

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