Male Anatomy Flashcards
spermatogenesis produces
Steroidogenesis produces _ and ___
These hormones required for maintenance of \_\_\_ S L B
gametes
DHT/T
male repro system
SSC
libido
behavior
Testes located in ___
spermatogenesis requires ___
epididymis allows for ___ and ____ and ___
Maturation occurs via __ motility, ___ and ___
Vas deferens for __ and ___
Seminal vesicles produce __ and ___ and ___
Prostate produces ___
Bulbuorethral glands produce ___ for lubrication
scrotum
colder temp
sperm transport, maturation, storage
forward, egg binding proteins, decapacitation
sperm transport, storage
fructose, PG, seminal fluid
alkaline fluid
mucus
Testicular mass is mostly ___
__ span width of tubule
have ___ that result in a ___ barrier dividing tubules into ___ and ___ compartments
__ compartment isolated from ___ elements, and is ___
Germ cells include ___ in the basal compartment
___ released into lumen
___ are interstitial cells that carry out ___ biosynth
seminferous tubules
sertoli cells
TJ, blood-testis, basal/adluminal
adluminal, blood borne, immuno privileged
spermatogonia
mature spermatozoa
leydig cells, T
Sertoli cells extend from __ to the ___
connected via __ to form BT barrier
isolated from ___, allowing its ___ to protect ____
express ___ receptors for regulation
___ germ cells aka __
Secrete M
I__ provides NF to FSH
E2 via aromatization of androgens produced by __
___ damaged sperm cells
analogous to ___ in ovary
BM, lumen
TJ
blood, immunologic privilege, developing sperm
FSH
nourish, nurse cells
MIH
Inhibin
Leydig cells
phagocytose
granulosa cells
Spermatogenesis begins at ___ and continues through ___, dec w age
takes ___ days
Resting ___ pop which can divide mitotically throughout ___
Produces __ haploid gametes from each primary spermatocyte
Regulated by ___ and high ___ in ____
puberty, adulthood
72
stem cell, adulthood
4
FSH, T, seminiferous tubules
Control of spermatogenesis
__ stim sertoli cells to synth all factors involved in ___ and ___ of spermatogenesis, including __
__ stim Leydig cells to secrete ___, required at __ conc in the seminferous tubules to maintain ___
Spermatogenesis is __ sens
optimal at ___ temps, lower than ___ temp
inhibited at ___ C
If testes do not descend into scrotum soon after birth (aka __), spermatogenesis is __ and predisposed to ___
FSH, initiation/progression, ABP
LH, T, very high, spermatogenesis
temp
scrotal temp, core body
37C
cryptochidism, inhibited, testicular cancer
Erection neuro
dec ___
inc __ and ___ leading to __
Phosphodiesterase inhibs (such as ___) dec ___ leading to sustained ____
Ejaculation spinal reflex
Phase 1 ___
Inc___, inc SM contrations of ____ empties __ and __ into urethra
Phase 2 ___ accompanied by
symp output
NO, cGMP, arterial vasodilation
Viagra, cGMP degred, arterial dilation
emission
symp output, accessory organs, sperm/secretions
ejaculation, orgasm
Leydig cells are analogous to ___ in ovary
Androgen biosynth of __ and __
Regulated by ___
in fetus by ____
Perinatal T important for organizational effect in brain to elicit ___ patterns and __ behavior
Pubertal inc initiated by rise in ___
theca cells
androstenedione/T
LH
hCG
male GnRH sec, repro
GnRH pulse freq
T biosynth begins w ___
rate limiting step is ___ catalyzed by ___
Circulates bound to __ and ___
Peripheral actions of T often involve ___
In some peripheral tissues, T acts via conversion to ___ by ___
Type 1 in __ and ___
Type 2 in __
__ by ___
__ of lng bones
C/P/S
cholesterol
CSCC, P450cscc
SHBG, albumin
metabolism
DHT, 5AR
skin/scalp
external genitalia
E2, aromatase
epiphyses of long bones
CNS/Pituitary/sperm prod
Fxn of T Differentiation of male \_\_ and \_\_\_ in fetus Growth/develop/fxn of \_\_\_ Descent of \_\_ into scrotum before \_\_\_ S A Pubertal \_\_ and closing of \_\_ S L and B NF on \_\_ and \_\_ sec
internal/external genitalia male repro tract testes, birth SSC anabolic effects growth spurt, epiphyses spermatogenesis libido/behavior GnRH/LH sec
Testicular fxn negative feedback via __ and __ and __
act via ___ to suppress GnRH, dec both __ and __
Also act at __ to dec __ to GnRH
__ acts at pituitary to dec __
Temp
___
Normal __ and __ cells, damaged ___
predisposition to ___ if not corrected
T, DHT, E
hypothalamus, LH/FSH
pituitary, LH response
Inhibin, FSH
Cryptochidism
Leydig/sertoli, germinal epi
cancer
Exogenous androgens in circulation exert ___ on ___ and ___
__ and __ at lower than normal levels
leads to insufficient __
T in circulation is about __ less than in seminiferous tubules
NF, hypothalamus/pituitary
FSH/LH
spermatogenesis
100x
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism causes
P
H– inhibits __
Excess androgens of __ origin
K
Kallmans syndrome Failure of \_\_ to migrate out of \_\_\_ in development GnRH sec \_\_\_ Pubertal development has no \_\_ height is \_\_ bc of no \_\_\_ Plasma LH/FSH/T is \_\_ testes are \_\_ because of low \_\_\_ No \_\_\_ Often assc w
panhypopituitarism
hyperprolactinemia
non-testicular origin
Kallman’s syndrome
GnRH neurons, olfactory placode none dec growth spurt tall, epiphyseal closure dec abnormal, T spermatozoa anosmia
Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism includes __ only syndrome and ___
Sertoli cell only syndrome Damaged \_\_ and normal \_\_\_ LH/T are \_\_ FSH is \_\_ bc of no \_\_ spermatogenesis is \_\_
sertoli cell, AIS
sertoli cells, leydig cells
normal
high, inhibin
minimal
AIS- defect in ___ or fxn in an __ indiv
aka__ (t fem)
Gonads located in___
External genitalia is
No ___ bc of no action of __ or ___
Pubertal development has inc __ and ___, leading to __ develop
Facial/Axillary/pubic hair is __
Plasma E/T is ___
LH and FSH are ___
AR, XY
Testicular feminization syndrome
abdomen
female
internal genitalia, T/MIH
T/E2, female
sparse
elevated
elevated
