MALARIA Flashcards

1
Q

Tratamiento preventivo malaria

A

Primaquina fosfato a 0.8 mg/ kg x 14 días

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2
Q

Tratamiento Malaria severa

A

Quinidina gluconato (10 mg/kg e infusión a 0.02) + doxicilina, clindamicina o tetraciclina

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3
Q

Tratamiento Malaria NO complicada sensible a cloroquinas

A

Sensible a Cloroquina: Cloroquina (17 mg/kg) o Hodroxicloroquina (12 mg/kg)

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4
Q

Etiología Malaria

A

Plasmodium
vivax
malariae
ovale
falciparum

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5
Q

Plasmodium más común en Guatemala

A

P. vivax

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6
Q

Plasmodium más grave

A

P. falciparum

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7
Q

Vector Malaria

A

Anopheles

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8
Q

Ciclo Malaria

A

Esporozoitos se multiplican en mosquito anopheles de 7-14 días
Pica al humano y migra al hígado en donde se vuelve esquizontes tisulares
En células se convierte en merozoitos que se multiplican
Si es vivax y ovale entra en fase de hipnozoitos
Luego migra a células sanguíneas, eritrocitos en forma de esquizonte y producen su hemólisis
Al liberarse de eritrocitos se iberan merozoitos

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9
Q

Accesos Palúdicos

A

Escalofríos
Fiebre
Sudoración

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10
Q

Fiebre terciana

A

vivax, ovale, falciparum

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11
Q

Fiebre cuartana

A

malariae

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12
Q

Diagnóstico Malaria

A

Gota Gruesa (+ sensible)
Frote periférico (+ específico)

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13
Q

Tinción para Malaria

A

Giemsa
Wright

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14
Q

Marcador de severidad Malaria

A

Hiperparasitemia, >5% de glóbulos rojos infectados

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15
Q

Tratamiento de Malaria NO complicada resistente a cloroquinas

A

Atovaquone/ proguanil
Artemether Lumefantrine
Mefloquina
Quinidina Gluconato

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16
Q

Condicionantes protectores contra malaria

A

Anemia falciforme
G6PD
Talasemia