Major trauma Flashcards
3 systemic responses to injury?
Increased CO
increased minute ventilation
Febrile
What do we see happens with metabolism? Where does it go to?
Accelerated lipolysis
Accelerated proteolysis
Amino acids go to wound healing and acute phase proteins, glucose goes to major organs and wound healing
Pains main role during major trauma we want to avoid is?
INcreases the metabolic rate even more.
pre emptive analgesia is better than post wounding
Can nutritional intake prevent catabolism?
No can just limit it
2 tissues we lose with major trauma
Adipose and skeletal muscle
there is often major volume loss in the homeostatic response this stimulates what two apparatuses? Which releases what two hormones respectively?
Pressor receptors
Juxtaglomerular apparatus
ADH
Aldosterone
What are 3 serious consequences of underperfusion
Organ failure
Tissue deterioration
Reperfusion injury
How does major trauma stimulate hormone release?
Massive release of ACTH which causes subsequent release of cortisol and catecholamines
Catecholamines and cortisol both stimulate the production of inevitably what?
glucose
lower insulin and increase glucagon
What 3 factors associated with the endocrine reponse to major trauma increase the immune suppression of an animal
endocrine response directly
increased metabolic rate
decreased nutritional status
4 controllable factors for minimizing the effects of major trauma
Volume loss
starvation
tissue damage
infection
one way to minimize the stress endocrine response is to?
Pre emptive pain management, systemic analgesia or local pain control
