Basic wound healing

Question 1

Describe first intention healing

Answer 1

Primary closure

Examples: Suture incisions, heals by tissue apposition

Question 2

Describe second intention healing (3 steps)

Answer 2

Granulation
Contraction
Epithelialization

Question 3

5 phases of wound healing (IMPORTANT)

Answer 3

Wounding
Vascular phase
Inflammatory phase
cellular phase
maturation phase

Question 4

5 phases of wound healing (IMPORTANT)

Answer 4

Wounding
Vascular phase
Inflammatory phase
cellular phase
maturation phase

Question 5

What happens in the vascular phase? (4)

Answer 5

Hemorrhage, hemostasis
Endothelial injury
cellular adhesion
coagulation

Question 6

What happens in the cellular phase?

Answer 6

Fibroplasia (proliferation)

Question 7

What happens in maturation phase?

Answer 7

decrease amount and increase quality via cross linking etc

Question 8

What happens in the inflammatory phase?

Answer 8

Inflammatory reaction, localized response elcicted by injury.
Destroys, dilutes or walls off injured tissue to prepare for the repair
Important to remember there is an increase in permeability

Question 9

What substance in important for early permebaility increase in the inflammatory phase?
What comes later on?

Answer 9

Histamine

Serotonin (more significant)

Question 10

What do prostaglandins do? Why is this very pertinant to surgery?

Answer 10

Permeability changes, vasoactive, chemotaxis

NSAIDS block them, not really that important thtough, pain control is more important

Question 11

Common chemotactic agents in inflammatory phase?

Answer 11

cytokines

Question 12

Common chemotactic agents in inflammatory phase?

Answer 12

cytokines

Question 13

What are granulocytes sensitive to? What are 2 of their purposes?

Answer 13

PH
Antibacterial
Proteolytic enzymes

Question 14

What are granulocytes sensitive to? What are 2 of their purposes?

Answer 14

PH
Antibacterial
Proteolytic enzymes

Question 15

Classic signs of inflammation? (4)

Answer 15

redness
heat
swelling
pain

Question 16

3 cytokines that macrophages release?

Answer 16

TGF 2 alpha
TGG beta
IFG-1

Question 17

3 parts of epithelization

Answer 17

Fibrin-fibronectin seal
epithelial migration
epithelial proliferation

Question 18

4 parts of cellular phase

Answer 18

fibroblast infiltration
Ground substance secretion
capillary ingrowth
granulation tissue formation

Question 19

3 major components of granulation tissue

Answer 19

Capillary loop
fibroblast
macrophage

Question 20

Main function of fibroblast infiltration in the cellular phase

Answer 20

Fibrin-Fibronectin scaffold and fibrinolysis

Question 21

3 major process of the maturation phase

Answer 21

crosslinking - aldehyde bonds
Collagen remodelling - collagen remodeling
Decrease cellularity

Question 22

3 surgeon factors contributing to wound healing efficiency

Answer 22

Tissue handling
Procedure duration
Suture material

Question 23

3 major components of the wound microenvironment

Answer 23

oxygen tension
temperature
pH

Question 24

3 major components of the wound microenvironment

Answer 24

oxygen tension
temperature
pH

Question 25

What kind of oxygen tension favors granulation tissue formation?

Answer 25

Low oxygen tension