Aseptic technique

Question 1

define asepsis

Answer 1

Absence of microbes that cause disease

Question 2

define Sterile

Answer 2

Absence of living microorganisms (inanimate objects

Question 3

define Surgically clean

Answer 3

Destruction of all accessible micro organisms on the surface

Question 4

define Contaminated

Answer 4

Surface or structure where microorganisms are present

Question 5

define Contaminated

Answer 5

Surface or structure where microorganisms are present

Question 6

Define a surgical site infection?

Answer 6

Infection from a surgical incision within 30 days of surgery (1 year for implants)

Question 7

4 places microorganisms can come from?

Answer 7

Environment
patient
Surgeon
Surgical site

Question 8

3 environmental factors affecting SSI

Answer 8

Operating room design
Operating room cleaning protocol
traffic and personal in the OR

Question 9

+1 person in the OR results inwhat increase in infection rate?

Answer 9

30%

Question 10

5 ways to sterilize equipment

Answer 10

Steam
Gas
plasma (H2O2)
Ionizing radiation
Cold chemical

Question 11

Steam sterilization uses what tool? What temp and time

Answer 11

Autoclave

121 for 15-30 minutes

Question 12

3 requirements for autoclave to work?

Answer 12

Clean instruments
Correct packing, wrapping
Proper positioning in the unit

Question 13

Gas sterilization is best used for what?

Answer 13

Heat or moisture sensitive equipment

Question 14

What is the biggest drawbacks to gas sterilization (3)

Answer 14

Very toxic to personel if exposed
Long sterilization cycle
needs aeration before use

Question 15

Cold chemical sterilization uses what chemical?

Answer 15

Glutaradehyde

Question 16

2 caveats to cold chemical

Answer 16

Irritating must rinse it
Resp and dermal effects
10-12 hour duration

Question 17

For equipment to be cold chemical sterilized it needs to be good with?

Answer 17

Being under water

Question 18

For equipment to be cold chemical sterilized it needs to be good with?

Answer 18

Being under water

Question 19

How do we know sterilization worked?

Answer 19

Chemical indicators

biological indicators

Question 20

2 chemical indicators?

Answer 20

Autoclave tape

indicator strips

Question 21

What species do they use for biological indicators?

Answer 21

Non pathogenic bacillus

Question 22

What species do they use for biological indicators?

Answer 22

Non pathogenic bacillus

Question 23

name 4 general patient factors

Answer 23

Disease status
nutrition status
age and gender
bathing status

Question 24

3 factors to patient skin preparation

Answer 24

Hair removal is a good thing
After anesthesia is induced or 3-10x infection rate
Avoid hair clipping the paw sif possible

Question 25

3 goals of skin preparation

Answer 25

To remove dirt
reduce resident microflora
inhibit rapid rebound growth of microbes

Question 26

What isa better skin prep, chlorhexidine or providone iodine?

Answer 26

Chlorohex

Question 27

Best contact time for chlorohex? Why?

Answer 27

3 minutes

to bind keratin

Question 28

5 tips top skin preparation technique

Answer 28

Use sterile gloves
dominant hand to prep non dominant to pick up gauze
circular pattern
do not go back to the middle with the same sponge
don’t scrub too hard

Question 29

What thread count actually poses a bacterial barrier?

Answer 29

270

Question 30

2 do nots for draping

Answer 30

Do not readjust the drap

do not re use the towel clamps

Question 31

4 pieces of surgical attire?

Answer 31

Scrubs
caps
masks
booties or dedicated OR shoes

Question 32

Are surgical gowns waterproof?

Answer 32

Yes but not the cuffs

Question 33

Are surgical gloves an absolute barrier?

Answer 33

No 1.5% have holes prior to surgery, 26% have holes at the end of surgery
Microholes are common

Question 34

How does the infection rate change with time in surgery?

Answer 34

doubles each hour of surgery

Question 35

3 times when you should use prophylactic antibiotics?

Answer 35

Dirty surgeries
Long surgeries
When infection would be catastrophic

Question 36

3 times when you should use prophylactic antibiotics?

Answer 36

Dirty surgeries
Long surgeries
When infection would be catastrophic

Question 37

How doe we give prophylactic antiobiotics in surgery?

Answer 37

IV route to get high tissue levels at time
Give at anesthesia induction
repeat every 90 minutes
stop when skin is closed

Question 38

What happens if you continue antibiotics for 24 hours?

Answer 38

INcrease in infection