Major Trauma Flashcards
How is information handed over at the start
ATMIST
Age, name and gender
Time of incident
Mechanism of injury
Injuries / exam findings
Signs and symptoms
Treatment given
What is the pneumonic used in ED for primary survery
C-spine / catestrophic bleed
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Expose the patient
Management of C spine injury
Immbolisation
Management of catestrophic bleed
Pressure and tourniquet
What can threaten aiway patency
Reduced consicousness, facial or laryngeal trauma, and distruption from bleeding or swelling from burns
Management of airway patency
Cuffed endotracheal tube or surgical cricothyroidotomy
What can threaten breathing
Penetrating injuries causing pneumothoraces or haemothoraces, blunt trauma causing rib fractures or lung contusions
Where can there be potential areas for haemorrhage
External bleeding (floor), thoracic cavity, abdomen, pelvis, bleeding from long bone fractures
What is assessed in disability
Brain and spinal injury, pupil response, movement and sensation of limbs, GCS
What to do in exposure
Completely remove clothes, check for any injuries, consider log roll, check peri-anal sensation and anal tone.
What to check in breathing
Ventilate by themselves, listen to check, look for equal air entry and chest rising and falling. Gross chest wall injuries. Trachea for deviation. Flail chest segments
What to check in circulation
BP, ECG, Bloods, heart sounds, abdomen palpation and get two large bore cannulas in
What acronym to use to check in secondary survery
AMPLE
Allergies
Medication
Past history
Last meal
Event - how did it happen
What to apply if suspicion of pelvic injury
Pelvic binder
What should the MAP be maintained at
> 65 mmHg
