major powers in europe Flashcards
what were the 5 powerful countries in europe in the beginning of the twentieth century-1900
Britain-constitutional monarchy
Austria Hungary: absolute monarchy
Germany: absolute monarchy
France: republic monarchy
Russia: absolute monarchy
what 3 countries were ruled with absolute monarchy?
russia
austria hungary
britain
what country was ruled with republic?
France
what country was ruled with constitutional monarchy?
Britain
define absolute monarchy-
absolute monarchy is when a monarchy has total power and control without any laws restraining them or limits e.t.c
define consitutional monarchy-
a system of government in which a country is ruled by a king and queen whose power is limited by a constitution-set of principles/rules by which a country is organised.
ruler of britain
governed?
empire?
key issues-
George V-1910-36
parliament ruled
1914-britains empire consisted of 400m people across Britain enabled britian to become an industrial power
issues-status declining as USA,germany and france were developing and peaking to the top with britain.
ruler of russia-
governed?
empire?
key issues-
Tsar Nicholas 1911-17 -1 year b4 war ended
increasinly unpopular after russo japanese war
no government
russia was the largest country in the world with 160m people.no overseas territories but took control of neighbouring countries e.g ukraine.
issues- 85 percent lived in harsh conditions in the countryside
very few people ahd rights and freedom
parliamen elected in 1905 proposed laws but tsar often rejected them
ruler of france-republic
governed?
empire?
key issues-
governed by elected president and mostly made up of army generals
60m -empire-mainly in west/north africa
issue-in 1870 france lost land alsace lorraine-defeated to germany and also falling behind them and britain in terms of trade and population
when was the franco prussian war?
1870
when did the parliament for russia get elected?
1905
define territories-
an area of a land ruled and belonging to someone
define empire-
a group of territories of people under one ruler
tsar nicholas monarch until
1917-had to abdicate his throne-
define abdicate-
renounce ones throne
george v became king how much yrs before war?
4 years (became king in 1910)
define balkans-
an area fought between the central powers and allied pwers
ruler of germany?
governed?
empire?
issues?
Kaiser Wilhem-absolute monarchy
no parliament ;ruled himself
empires were much smaller than the european’s empires
issues-many workers were very poor and wanted a change so formed opposition groups
ruler of austria hungary?
governed?
empire?
issues?
Franz Joseph next heir (nephew) franz ferdinand and his wife sophie
empire-union between austria and hungary in 1867- empire consisted of many cultures, langugages and some areas had beg on to call for idependance-wanted to expand into the balkans
issues- tensions beteen many different ethnic groups within the empire with unpopular government and an aging emperor in his 80s which many sae as being reason of austria hungary declinig and falling.
which leaders were cousins?
tsar nicholas -russia
george v- england
kaiser wilhem- germany
define absolute monarchy:
when you have total power and rule freelu
define republic
a country that elects a president as their leader
when was austria -hungary formed?
1867
what was kaiser wilhem’s main ambition?
to build germany’s empire
Define Industry
a group of manufacturers/businesses/area that produces good services and is where business occurs
