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Unit 4 > Maintaining Animal Health > Flashcards

Maintaining Animal Health Flashcards

1
Q

What are the key factors for maintaining animal health?

A 
Housing
Feeding
Exercise
Grooming/foot care
Dental Hygiene
Vaccination
Parasite Control
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2
Q

What is a Health Check?

A

A health check is a systematic assessment of both physical and behavioural health

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3
Q

What is the recommended ambient temperature for an adult dog?

A

7 - 26 degrees

sleeping area should be at least 10 degrees

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4
Q

What is the recommended ambient temperature for an adult cat?

A

10 - 26 degrees

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5
Q

What is the recommended ambient temperature for hospital and isolation kennels?

A

18 - 23 degrees

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6
Q

What is the recommended ambient temperature for whelping/kittening and neonate accommodation?

A

parturition area = 18 - 21 degrees
neonates first week = 26 - 29 degrees
neonates second week = 21 - 26 degrees
neonates until weaning = 20 degrees

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7
Q

Why are health checks important?

A
  • detect early signs of disease
  • decide the most appropriate preventative treatments
  • ensure routine care is appropriate to the needs of the animal
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8
Q

Why would we perform a health check?

A

ensures the on-going health of animals and identify any developing conditions

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9
Q

What checks do we do?

A
  • physical health checks
  • behavioural observations
  • visual observations
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10
Q

Why do we perform health checks systematically?

A
  • so we don’t infect the facial area with bacteria from the back area
  • so the whole body is checked and no areas a accidentally omitted
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11
Q

Where can we record the health checks?

A
  • a health check document

- a kennel chart

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12
Q

What are the three main sections of a health check?

A
  • animal details
  • behavioural observations
  • health details
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13
Q

What sort of areas are involved in recording animal details?

A
  • name/ID
  • age (maturity, diseases, food requirements)
  • sex ( gender specific diseases, pyometra)
  • pregnancy/neutered
  • diet (feeding regimes, life stages, physical conditions, species specific/deficiencies)
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14
Q

What sort of areas are involved in recording behaviour changes?

A
  • natural behaviour (e.g. coprophagia)
  • sleep patterns ( diurnal, nocturnal, crepuscular0
  • vocalisation (talking, growling, whining, barking etc)
  • breed specific behaviour
  • species specific behaviour
  • genetically predisposed behaviour (dogs behaviour)
  • previous history ( cringing etc)
  • seasonal changes ( hibernation, factors affecting oestrus cycle)
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15
Q

What could behaviour changes indicate?

A
  • Pain
  • Senility
  • State of mind
  • stage of oestrus cycle
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16
Q

What sorts of areas are involved when recording health details?

A
  • eyes (cloudiness, redness, swelling, FB, discharge, entropion/ectropion)
  • ears (head tilt, wax, discharge, smell, colour, itching, FB, parasites)
  • mouth (teeth, FB, dental disease)
  • nose (wet,dry,scabby, tumour-squamous cell carcinoma, discharge - distemper)
  • skin (scale, spotty, pustules, wounds, parasites)
  • fur ( condition, shine, alopecia, parasites, scabs)
  • body (lumps, growths, warts)
  • legs (wounds, pain, hair loss, bone problems)
  • feet/toes/hooves (FB, cuts, nail lengths)
  • tail (kinks/alopecia)
  • genitals (swelling, discharge, season)
  • anus (swelling, redness, clean, parasites)
17
Q

What other physical parameters should be recorded?

A
  • excretions
  • feeding
  • exercise
  • grooming
18
Q

Why is grooming important?

A
  • identification of any skin problems
  • stimulates blood supply to the skin
  • increases bonding between animals and human
19
Q

What sorts of things are we looking for in excretions?

A

urine - cloudy/frequency/volume/turbidity/ painful?
faeces - hard/soft/colour/smell/quantity/quality/blood/mucus
coprophagia - normal/abnormal?

20
Q

What sorts of things are we looking for in feeding?

A

drinking - volume, excess or lack of intake?

eating - more, less, change in preference, painful?

21
Q

What sorts of things are we looking for in exercise?

A

dogs - on/off lead, mental/physical playing, walk alone, with other dogs, length of walks, swimming, number of walks a day?
cat - normally should have free access outside
reptiles - environmental enrichment, size of enclosure, company
rabbits - caged, period of activity, company to play, environment
mobility/movement - consider any changes in the animals levels of mobility as these may be indicators for possible problems e.g. arthritis, lameness.

22
Q

What is the criteria of the size of stabling for a horse?

A

Horse should be able to stand up and turn around without difficulty, lie down and roll easily and without risk of injury

  • minimum for horses 12ft x 12ft and 12ft x 14ft for larger breeds
  • minimum for ponies 10ft x 10ft and 10ft x 12ft for larger ponies
23
Q

How many horse per hectare of pasture should be allowed?

A

two

Unit 4 (12 decks)

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