Magnesium reg, hypo, & hypermagnesium

Question 1

what is the normal range of Mg

Answer 1

1.5-2.5

Question 2

what is Mg’s function

Answer 2

support muscle & nerve function & energy production

Question 3

Who is Mg best friend’s with

Answer 3

Ca

Question 4

Mg has an inverse relationship with which electrolyte

Answer 4

phosphorus

Question 5

what does Mg help to maintain in the body (6)

Answer 5

blood glucose control
bp
skeletal muscle contraction
neurological function
ATP formation
Immune system - fights inflammation

Question 6

what are the causes of hypomagnesemia (4)

Answer 6

chronic alcohol use
renal loss
GI loss
Diuretics

Question 7

what is the #1 cause of hypomagnesemia

Answer 7

chronic alcohol use

Question 8

why does malabsorption occur in chronic alcoholism

Answer 8

because there are effects on the GI tract

Question 9

what can overuse of alcohol increase in the renal system

Answer 9

increase excretion of Mg

Question 10

what GI losses cause hypmagnesemia (2)

Answer 10

NG tube
diarrhea

Question 11

how will a pt present if they have hypomagnesemia

Answer 11

unable to maintain order/everything in body goes crazy

Question 12

what neuromuscular signs will we see in a pt w/ hypomagnesemia (5)

Answer 12

tetany
twitches
paresthesias
positive Trousseau’s & Chvostek’s signs
increased DTRS

Question 13

what breath sound would we hear in a pt w/ hypomagesemia

Answer 13

laryngeal stridor

Question 14

what heart rate will a pt with hypomagnesemia have

Answer 14

tachy

Question 15

hypocalcemia accompanies

Answer 15

hypomagnesemia

Question 16

what do the interventions aim to restore in hypomagnesemia

Answer 16

hypocalcemia

Question 17

what interventions should we do for hypomagnesemiam (6)

Answer 17

replace Mg & Ca (IV or PO)
seizure precautions
monitor DTRS - if diminished/absent = hypermagnesemia
discontinue meds that cause Mg loss
monitor K+ if Mg is low

Question 18

when replacing Mg should we give it slow or fast

Answer 18

slow

Question 19

why do we replace Mg slow

Answer 19

because it can slow hr

Question 20

if Mg is low why should we monitor K

Answer 20

there is secondary K+ depletion

Question 21

if both hypo Mg & K present what should we treat first

Answer 21

the hypo Mg

Question 22

why do we treat hypo Mg first before hypo K

Answer 22

when body doesn’t have enough Mg, body is unable to process/absorb K

Question 23

what causes hypermagnesemia (2)

Answer 23

increased Mg intake
decreased renal excretion of mg

Question 24

how will the heart present in a pt w/ hypermagnesemia (3)

Answer 24

calm & quiet
bradycardia
hypotension

Question 25

how will the respirations be in a hypermag pt

Answer 25

low & shallow

Question 26

how will bowel sounds be in a pt w/ hypermag

Answer 26

hypoactive bowel sounds

Question 27

how will the pt’s neurological present (2)

Answer 27

drowsy
lethargy

Question 28

how will the muskuloskeletal present in a pt with hypermag

Answer 28

diminished or absent DTRS

Question 29

what are the interventions for hypermag (2)

Answer 29

calcium gluconate
diuretics